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  • Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Common Errors

    horizon and the terms “decreasing the pitch attitude” or “decrease pitch attitude” means lowering the nose in relation to the natural horizon. The pilot’s primary reference is the natural horizon. For all practical purposes, the airplane’s airspeed remains ... such as spoilers. Exposure to the effect of the various configurations should be covered in any specific airplane checkout. Common Errors A common error of a beginner pilot is attempting to hold the wings level by only observing the airplane…

  • Chapter 7: Ground Reference Maneuvers › Elementary Eights › Common Errors

    other, the rollout from each turn needs to be completed on the proper heading with sufficient wind correction angle to ensure that after brief straight-and-level flight, the airplane arrives at the point where a turn of the same ... made around the other pylon. The straight-and-level flight segments should be tangent to both circular patterns. Common Errors Common errors in the performance of elementary eights are: 1. Failure to adequately clear the surrounding area for safety hazards…

  • Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Straight Flight

    wing, both wingtips should be level and equally above or below the natural horizon. Any necessary bank corrections are made with the pilot’s coordinated use of ailerons and rudder. [Figure 3-7] The pilot should understand that anytime ... wings are banked, the airplane turns. The objective of straight flight is to detect and correct small deviations, necessitating minor flight control corrections. The bank attitude information can also be obtained from a quick scan of the attitude indicator (which…

  • Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Assessment of Piloting Ability › Correction of Learner Errors

    Correction of Learner Errors Correction of learner errors does not include the practice of taking over from learners immediately when a mistake is made. Safety permitting, it is frequently better to let learners progress part of the way into ... aircraft. It is difficult for learners to learn a maneuver properly if they seldom have the opportunity to correct an error. On the other hand, learners may perform a procedure or maneuver correctly and not fully understand the principles…

  • Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Integrated Flight Instruction

    pilot’s attention should be inside the flight deck. The pilot should develop the skill to quickly analyze the appropriate flight instruments and then immediately return to the visual outside references to control the airplane’s attitude. The pilot should ... example, a pitch attitude adjustment may require a movement of the pilot’s reference point of several inches in relation to the natural horizon but correspond to a seemingly insignificant movement of the reference bar on the airplane’s attitude…

  • Chapter 7, Section I: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Turns › Steep Turns

    During training in steep turns, as in any other maneuver, attend to the most important tasks first. Keep the pitch attitude relatively constant, and more time can be devoted to cross-check and instrument interpretation. During recovery from steep turns ... released and power decreased. The common errors associated with steep turns are the same as those discussed later in this section. Remember, errors are more exaggerated, more difficult to correct, and more difficult to analyze unless rates of entry…