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  • Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Emergency Response Systems › Ballistic Parachutes

    Emergency Response Systems Airplanes may have installed systems that provide alternatives in certain emergency situations. For example, ballistic parachute systems, if installed, may be deployed in an emergency allowing an airplane to descend slowly enough toward the ground such that ... Emergency Autoland (EAL) system, which can take over control of the aircraft when necessary for a safe outcome. Ballistic Parachutes Deployment of an airplane ballistic parachute system results in the loss of the airframe, but deploying such systems within…

  • Chapter 9: Flight Manuals and Other Documents › Minimum Equipment Lists (MEL) and Operations With Inoperative Equipment

    operation. POHs and owner/information manuals contain a section devoted to a systematic method of performing a preflight inspection. Minimum Equipment Lists (MEL) and Operations With Inoperative Equipment Under 14 CFR, all aircraft instruments and installed equipment are required ... operative prior to each departure. When the FAA adopted the minimum equipment list (MEL) concept for 14 CFR part 91 operations, it allowed aircraft to be operated with inoperative equipment determined to be nonessential for safe flight. At the same…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction to Flight Training › Role of the FAA

    Form 8100-2, Standard Airworthiness Certificate. While 14 CFR part 91, section 91.205 outlines the minimum equipment required for flight, the Airplane Flight Manual/Pilot’s Operating Handbook (AFM/POH) lists the equipment required for the airplane to be airworthy. The equipment ... AFM/POH is developed during the airplane certification process. This list identifies those items that are required for airworthiness, optional equipment installed in addition to the required equipment, and any supplemental items or appliances. Figure 1-5 shows an example…

  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Emergency Approaches and Landings (Simulated)

    Emergency Approaches and Landings (Simulated) During dual training flights, the instructor should give simulated emergency landings by retarding the throttle and calling “simulated emergency landing.” The objective of these simulated emergency landings is to develop a pilot’s accuracy, judgment ... planning, procedures, and confidence when little or no power is available. A simulated emergency landing may be given with the airplane in any configuration. If the simulated power failure occurs while above best glide speed, the pilot allows the airplane…

  • 14 CFR § 121.408 Training equipment other than flight simulation training devices.

    Training equipment other than flight simulation training devices. (a) The Administrator must approve training equipment used in a training program approved under this part and that functionally replicates aircraft equipment for the certificate holder and the crewmember duty or procedure ... Training equipment does not include FSTDs qualified under part 60 of this chapter. (b) The certificate holder must demonstrate that the training equipment described in paragraph (a) of this section, used to meet the training requirements of this subpart, meets…

  • Chapter 8: Ground Procedures and Flight Preparations › Preflight › Minimum Equipment Lists (MELs) and Operations with Inoperative Equipment

    Minimum Equipment Lists (MELs) and Operations with Inoperative Equipment Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) requires that all aircraft instruments and installed equipment be operative prior to each departure. However, when the Federal Aviation Administration ... adopted the minimum equipment list (MEL) concept for 14 CFR part 91 operations, flights were allowed with inoperative items, as long as the inoperative items were determined to be nonessential for safe flight. At the same time, it allowed part…