AI.XIII.C.S2b

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 18-10
  Chapter 18: Emergency Procedures › Flight Control Malfunction/Failure › Total Flap Failure

  Flight Control Malfunction/Failure Total Flap Failure The inability to extend the wing flaps necessitates a no-flap approach and landing. In light airplanes, a no-flap approach and landing is not particularly difficult or dangerous. However, there are certain factors ... When flying in the traffic pattern with the wing flaps retracted, the airplane should be flown in a relatively nose-high attitude to maintain altitude, as compared to flight with flaps extended. Losing altitude can be more of a problem…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 3-5
  Chapter 3: Aircraft Construction › Major Components › Alternate Types of Wings

  edges, of the wings are two types of control surfaces referred to as ailerons and flaps. Ailerons extend from about the midpoint of each wing outward toward the tip, and move in opposite directions to create aerodynamic forces that cause ... fuselage to near the midpoint of each wing. The flaps are normally flush with the wing’s surface during cruising flight. When extended, the flaps move simultaneously downward to increase the lifting force of the wing for takeoffs and landings…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 5-17
  Chapter 5: Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training › Stalls › Full Stalls, Power-Off

  entry for a straight-ahead power-off stall, airplanes equipped with flaps or retractable landing gear should be in the landing configuration. After extending the landing gear, applying carburetor heat (if applicable), and retarding the throttle sufficiently, the pilot holds ... airplane should then be smoothly pitched down to a normal approach attitude to maintain that airspeed. Wing flaps should be extended and pitch attitude adjusted to maintain the airspeed. Once in a normal approach, the pilot sets the power…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 5-19
  Chapter 5: Maintaining Aircraft Control: Upset Prevention and Recovery Training › Stalls › Accelerated Stalls

  accelerated stall is typically demonstrated during steep turns. A pilot should never practice accelerated stalls with wing flaps in the extended position due to the lower design G-load limitations in that configuration. Accelerated stalls should be performed with ... speeds up to the applicable VA or VO, ensures the airplane will reach the critical AOA, which unloads the wing, before exceeding the design load limit. At speeds above VA or VO, the airplane can reach its design load limit…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 4-7
  Chapter 4: Principles of Flight › Airfoil Design

  lower surface. These are not constant values. They vary, not only with flight conditions, but also with different wing designs. Different airfoils have different flight characteristics. Many thousands of airfoils have been tested in wind tunnels and in actual flight ... concave airfoil’s high lift characteristics. Leading edge (Kreuger) flaps and trailing edge (Fowler) flaps, when extended from the basic wing structure, literally change the airfoil shape into the classic concave form, thereby generating much greater lift during slow flight…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 11-18
  Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance Speeds

  operating mechanism during extension or retraction of the gear. VFE—the highest speed permissible with the wing flaps in a prescribed extended position. This is because of the air loads imposed on the structure of the flaps. VA—the calibrated…