AP.II.B.R2

From the FAA library

• Risk Management Handbookp. 5-2
  Chapter 5: Mitigating Risk › Mitigating External Pressure Risks › Local Versus Transportation Flights

  option is easier if another means of transportation is available or if long-term rescheduling is an option. Mitigating External Pressure Risks External pressures can be either subtle or overt. Because it may involve passengers or others waiting ... them of the need for flexibility. Local Versus Transportation Flights A local pleasure flight can still be subject to external pressures, but it is easier to cancel than a scheduled flight related to transportation to an event. When planning…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 2-9
  Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › Hazard and Risk › V = EnVironment

  experience levels may be lower than a pilot would like them to be. Pride can be a powerful external factor! Managing External Pressures Management of external pressure is the single most important key to risk management because ... risk factor category that can cause a pilot to ignore all the other risk factors. External pressures put time-related pressure on the pilot and figure into a majority of accidents. The use of personal standard operating procedures (SOPs…

• Risk Management Handbookp. 6-3
  Chapter 6: Threat and Error Management › Defenses Provided to the Pilot or Crew › External Resources

  checklist. Pilots should consider how to use an additional person appropriately since a resource could also introduce threats. External Resources Flight service personnel are a valuable resource, especially for weather avoidance and flight plan changes. Air traffic control can assist…

• Risk Management Handbookp. 3-8
  Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Hazard Combinations › Airspace, Air Traffic Control, and Other Aircraft

  External Pressure Hazards External pressures or “E” hazards originate from a variety of personal and business reasons. The pressure to get to a particular destination or to leave at the conclusion of a planned stay can affect a pilot ... judgment. Pilots subject to external pressures sometimes fail to consider the other three major categories of hazards. • Why does the pilot need to fly to a particular destination at a given time? Wanting to be present at a family celebration…

• Risk Management Handbookp. 3-15
  Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis › External Pressures

  External Pressures • The scheduled meetings back in Santa Rosa on Tuesday generate external pressures. The need to be present in Durango on Monday narrows the departure window to Tuesday morning only. If these pressures are not mitigated, a forced departure…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 2-17
  Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › The Decision-Making Process › TEAM Checklist: Choose and Implement Risk Controls

  reality that limited experience can create additional risks is a key part of sound risk management and mitigation. • External Factors: Like many pilots, Gayle must contend with the emotional pressure associated with acknowledging that her skill and experience levels ... lower than she would like them to be. Pride can be a powerful external factor! • Consequences: For a pilot whose experience consists mostly of local flights in good VMC, launching a long cross-country flight over mountainous terrain in hazy…