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  • Chapter 17: Aeromedical Factors › Health and Physiological Factors Affecting Pilot Performance › Diving or Rolling Beyond the Vertical Plane

    Diving or Rolling Beyond the Vertical Plane This maneuver may produce extreme disorientation. While in straight-and-level flight, the pilot should sit normally, either with eyes closed or gaze lowered to the floor. The instructor pilot starts a positive ... toward a 30° or 40° angle of bank. As this is in progress, the pilot tilts his or her head forward, looks to the right or left, then immediately returns his or her head to an upright position. The instructor…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction To Flying › Becoming a Pilot

    aeronautical knowledge, such as the principles of flight, a student pilot is also required to gain skill in flight maneuvers. The selected category and class of aircraft determines the type of flight skills and number of flight hours ... obtained. There are four steps involved in learning a flight maneuver: • The CFI introduces and demonstrates flight maneuver to the student. • The CFI talks the student pilot through the maneuver. • The student pilot practices the maneuver under CFI supervision…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-5. Unexpected Maneuvers in the Airport Traffic Pattern

    Unexpected Maneuvers in the Airport Traffic Pattern There have been several incidents in the vicinity of controlled airports that were caused primarily by aircraft executing unexpected maneuvers. ATC service is based upon observed or known traffic and airport conditions. Controllers ... achieve proper spacing. These adjustments can only be based on observed traffic, accurate pilot reports, and anticipated aircraft maneuvers. Pilots are expected to cooperate so as to preclude disrupting traffic flows or creating conflicting patterns. The pilot-in-command…

  • Chapter 2: Personal Minimums › Personal Minimums › Step 2—Assess Experience and Comfort Level

    part of the country where clear skies and visibilities of 30 miles or more are normal. The entry might specify the lowest VFR ceiling as 7,000 feet, and the lowest visibility as 15 miles. A pilot may never experience ... MVFR conditions and would leave the dash in place. However, in this example and as shown in Figure 2-3, the pilot regularly flies in an area where normal summer flying involves hazy conditions over relatively flat terrain…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-9. Runway Condition Reports

    Runway condition codes for each zone (touchdown, mid-point, roll-out) (d) Pilot-reported braking action report (if available) (e) The contaminant (for example, wet snow, dry snow, slush, ice, etc.) 2. Assessments for each zone ... prohibited from being reported in a FICON NOTAM. 3. When any 1 or more runway condition codes are reported as less than 6, airport management must notify ATC for dissemination to pilots. 4. Controllers will not issue runway condition codes…

  • Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures › Section 2. Emergency Services Available to Pilots › 6-2-2. Transponder Emergency Operation

    course of action is available which will permit flight and a safe landing in VFR weather conditions, noninstrument rated pilots should choose the VFR condition rather than requesting a vector or approach that will take them into IFR weather conditions ... continued flight in VFR conditions is not possible, the noninstrument rated pilot should so advise the controller and indicating the lack of an instrument rating, declare a distress condition; or 3. If the pilot is instrument rated and current…