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  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-17. VFR Helicopter Operations at Controlled Airports

    However, if a higher than normal airspeed or altitude is desired, the request should be made prior to lift-off. The pilot is solely responsible for selecting a safe airspeed for the altitude/operation being conducted. Use of air taxi enables…

  • Chapter 4: Principles of Flight › Pressure › Density Altitude

    Density Altitude SDP is a theoretical pressure altitude, but aircraft operate in a nonstandard atmosphere and the term density altitude is used for correlating aerodynamic performance in the nonstandard atmosphere. Density altitude is the vertical distance above sea level ... propeller is less efficient in thin air • Lift because the thin air exerts less force on the airfoils Density altitude is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. As the density of the air increases (lower density altitude), aircraft performance increases…

  • Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Altimeter Operation

    altimeter indicates an altitude above the actual field elevation. If the barometric pressure setting is reset to the current altimeter setting of 29.68 "Hg, then the field elevation is again indicated on the altimeter. This pressure change ... easily noticed in flight since aircraft fly at specific altitudes. The aircraft steadily decreases true altitude while the altimeter is held constant through pilot action as discussed in the previous section. Knowing the aircraft’s altitude is vitally important…

  • Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Types of Altitude

    Indicated altitude—read directly from the altimeter (uncorrected) when it is set to the current altimeter setting. 2. True altitude—the vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level—the actual altitude. It is often expressed as feet above mean ... level (MSL). Airport, terrain, and obstacle elevations on aeronautical charts are true altitudes. 3. Absolute altitude—the vertical distance of an aircraft above the terrain, or above ground level (AGL). 4. Pressure altitude—the altitude indicated when the altimeter setting…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Density Altitude

    Density Altitude The more appropriate term for correlating aerodynamic performance in the nonstandard atmosphere is density altitude—the altitude in the standard atmosphere corresponding to a particular value of air density. Density altitude is pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature ... density of the air increases (lower density altitude), aircraft performance increases. Conversely, as air density decreases (higher density altitude), aircraft performance decreases. A decrease in air density means a high density altitude; an increase in air density means a lower…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 3. En Route Procedures › 5-3-1. ARTCC Communications

    initial contact, the pilot should inform the controller of the aircraft’s present position, altitude and time estimate for the next reporting point. EXAMPLE- (Name) CENTER, (aircraft identification), (position), (altitude), ESTIMATING (reporting point) AT (time). (2) After initial contact, when ... made, the pilot should give the controller a complete position report. EXAMPLE- (Name) CENTER, (aircraft identification), (position), (time), (altitude), (type of flight plan), (ETA and name of next reporting point), (the name of the next succeeding reporting point), AND (remarks…