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  • Chapter 6: Threat and Error Management › Defenses Provided to the Pilot or Crew › Checklists, Standard Operating Procedures, and Best Practices

    Pilot or Crew A manufacturer, employer, or a flight school may provide defenses to pilots. Examples include checklists, operating limitations, minimum pilot qualifications, standard operating procedures, and insurance requirements. Regardless of the flight mission, some defenses will always be predetermined ... Checklists, Standard Operating Procedures, and Best Practices Like the aircraft, its approved checklists are normally provided. The manufacturer’s approved checklists, placards, and emergency procedures provide a basic defense against threats, errors, or undesired aircraft states. Many flight schools, flying…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction To Flying › Selecting a Flight School › Basic Requirements

    application is completed electronically, the authorized person will submit the application to the FAA’s Airman Certification Branch (AFS-760) in Oklahoma City, OK, via the Integrated Airman Certification and Rating Application (IACRA). If the application is completed on paper ... sent to the local Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), who will forward it to AFS-760. Once the application is processed, the applicant will receive the Student Pilot Certificate by mail at the address provided on the application. The aforementioned…

  • Chapter 3: Identifying Hazards & Associated Risks › Using the PAVE Checklist to Identify Hazards › Pilot Hazards

    Using the PAVE Checklist to Identify Hazards As described in Chapter 1, the PAVE checklist provides a means to identify hazards using four convenient hazard “buckets.” Using all four checklist categories before a flight captures most hazards normally encountered. This ... classified in terms of both capability and aeromedical factors as follows: 1. Qualification–Does the pilot possess the appropriate pilot certificate, category, class, and type rating needed to operate a specific aircraft under the given set of conditions? Some accidents…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › Mitigating Risk › The PAVE Checklist

    apparent to a pilot until serious errors are made. 6. Emotion—Am I emotionally upset? The PAVE Checklist Another way to mitigate risk is to perceive hazards. By incorporating the PAVE checklist into preflight planning, the pilot divides the risks ... Aircraft, enVironment, and External pressures (PAVE) which form part of a pilot’s decision-making process. With the PAVE checklist, pilots have a simple way to remember each category to examine for risk prior to each flight. Once a pilot…

  • Chapter 7: Automation & Flight Path Management › Integrated Flight Path Automation Systems

    While pilots often rely on the autopilot, they also need to be able to fly the aircraft manually within appropriate standards. Pilots should train and practice using automation under VFR with an appropriately qualified and knowledgeable flight instructor before attempting ... flight simulation training device provides the opportunity to practice and repeat automation procedures with a simulated high workload. Through appropriate training and practice, pilots learn to operate autopilot systems with ease and in a routine manner. Knowledge of system limitations…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › The Decision-Making Process › TEAM Checklist: Choose and Implement Risk Controls

    those that require delay or diversion is critical. You can bulk up your mental muscles by: • Using personal minimums checklist to make some decisions in advance of the flight. To develop a good personal minimums checklist, you need to assess ... flying environment, when there is no pressure to make a specific trip. Once developed, a personal minimums checklist will give you a clear and concise reference point for making your go/no-go or continue/discontinue decisions. • In addition to having personal minimums…