AP.IV.D.K1
KnowledgeAerodynamics associated with stalls in wing-borne configuration, including the relationship between angle of attack, airspeed, load factor, power setting, aircraft weight and balance, CG, aircraft attitude and configuration.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Load Factors › Load Factors and Stalling Speeds
Load Factors and Stalling Speeds Any aircraft, within the limits of its structure, may be stalled at any airspeed. When a sufficiently high AOA is imposed, the smooth flow of air over an airfoil breaks up and separates, producing ... abrupt change of flight characteristics and a sudden loss of lift, which results in a stall. A study of this effect has revealed that an aircraft’s stalling speed increases in proportion to the square root of the load factor…
- Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Stalls
This peak is called the CL-MAX. The amount of lift the wing produces drops dramatically after exceeding the CL-MAX or critical AOA, but as stated above, it does not completely stop producing lift. In most straight-wing aircraft ... wing is designed to stall the wing root first. The wing root reaches its critical AOA first making the stall progress outward toward the wingtip. By having the wing root stall first, aileron effectiveness is maintained at the wingtips, maintaining…
- Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Load Factors › Stalls
Stalls The normal stall entered from straight-and-level flight, or an unaccelerated straight climb, does not produce added load factors beyond the 1 G of straight-and-level flight. As the stall occurs, however, this load factor ... reduced toward zero, the factor at which nothing seems to have weight. The pilot experiences a sensation of “floating free in space.” If recovery is effected by snapping the elevator control forward, negative load factors (or those that impose…
- Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Climb Performance Factors › Region of Reversed Command
majority of aircraft flying (climb, cruise, and maneuvers) is conducted in the region of normal command. Flight in the region of reversed command means flight in which a higher airspeed requires a lower power setting and a lower airspeed requires ... higher power setting to hold altitude. It does not imply that a decrease in power produces lower airspeed. The region of reversed command is encountered in the low speed phases of flight. Flight speeds below the speed for maximum endurance…
- Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Boundary Layer Separation › Sweepback
lift, or moment coefficients. In other words, the use of sweepback “softens” the force divergence. A disadvantage of swept wings is that they tend to stall at the wingtips rather than at the wing roots. [Figure 5-69] This ... flow spanwise toward the tips and to separate near the leading edges. Because the tips of a swept wing are on the aft part of the wing (behind the CL), a wingtip stall causes the CL to move forward…
- Chapter 9: Aircraft Electrical System › Introduction › Power Factor
Power Factor As seen in Figure 9-30, the resistive power and the reactive power effect the circuit at right angles to each other. The power factor in an AC circuit is created by this right angle effect. Power factor ... defined as the mathematical difference between true power and apparent power. Power factor (PF) is a ratio and always a measurement between 0 and 100. The power factor is directly related to the phase shift of a circuit. The greater…