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  • Chapter 6: Threat and Error Management › Causes of Errors › Insufficient Training & Experience

    within acceptable levels. Some common threats include: • Malfunction of aircraft systems, engines, flight controls, or automation. • Various unforecast weather hazards. • Collision hazards, including wildlife on airports and birds in the air. • Unexpected sudden reductions in visibility. • Closures of facilities, runways…

  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 7. Safety, Accident, and Hazard Reports › 7-7-3. Near Midair Collision Reporting

    another aircraft, or a report is received from a pilot or a flight crew member stating that a collision hazard existed between two or more aircraft. c. Reporting Responsibility. It is the responsibility of the pilot and/or flight crew…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-13. Simultaneous Approaches to Parallel Runways

    Each pilot should be prepared to take appropriate action should adjacent aircraft deviate in a manner that creates a collision hazard to their aircraft and notify ATC. Pilots are informed by ATC or through the ATIS that simultaneous approaches…

  • Chapter 9: Navigation Systems › Instrument Approach Systems › ILS Components

    instrument runway of an airport, located at the departure end of the runway to prevent it from being a collision hazard. This unit radiates a field pattern, which develops a course down the centerline of the runway toward the middle…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Runway Incursion Avoidance

    occurrence in the airport runway environment involving an aircraft, vehicle, person, or object on the ground that creates a collision hazard or results in a loss of required separation with an aircraft taking off, intending to take off, landing ... surface as in other phases of flights. Proper planning can prevent runway incursions and the possibility of a ground collision. A pilot should always be aware of the aircraft’s position on the surface at all times and be aware…

  • Chapter 8: Airport Traffic Patterns › Standard Airport Traffic Patterns

    planning the intended path in the pattern and the landing approach. ⦁ Entries into traffic patterns while descending create specific collision hazards and should be avoided. The downwind leg is a course flown parallel to the landing runway…