AP.VI.D.S10

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-12
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  aircraft leaving ground effect after takeoff encounters just the reverse of an aircraft entering ground effect during landing. The aircraft leaving ground effect will: • Require an increase in AOA to maintain the same CL • Experience an increase in induced drag ... nose-up change in moment • Experience a reduction in static source pressure and increase in indicated airspeed Ground effect must be considered during takeoffs and landings. For example, if a pilot fails to understand the relationship between the aircraft…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 14-31
  Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Runway Incursion Avoidance

  prevent ground deviations, stay alert during ground operations. Pilot deviations can and frequently do occur on the ground. Many strategies and tactics pilots use to avoid airborne deviations also work on the ground. Pilots should also remain vigilant about vehicle/pedestrian ... entering or moving on the runway movement area without authorization from air traffic control. In serious instances, any ground deviation (PD or VPD) can result in a runway incursion. Best practices in preventing ground deviations can be found…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. G-30
  Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual

  propeller reduction gears and the engine case. Total drag. The sum of the parasite drag and induced drag. Touchdown zone elevation (TDZE). The highest elevation in the first 3,000 feet of the landing surface, TDZE is indicated ... instrument approach procedure chart when straight-in landing minimums are authorized. Touchdown zone lights. Two rows of transverse light bars disposed symmetrically about the runway centerline in the runway touchdown zone. Tower En Route Control (TEC). The control…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 14-31
  Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Pilot Deviations (PDs)

  temporary flight restriction (TFR). Take a few minutes prior to each flight to plan accordingly. • Talk and squawk—Proper communication with ATC has its benefits. Flight following often makes the controller’s job easier because they can better integrate ... trying to avoid could result in a pilot deviation because ATC radar may show you within the restricted airspace. Ground deviations (also called surface deviations) include taxiing, taking off, or landing without clearance, deviating from an assigned taxi route…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 17-12
  Chapter 17: Aeromedical Factors › Ground Lighting Illusions › How To Prevent Landing Errors Due to Optical Illusions

  Maintain optimum proficiency in landing procedures. In addition to the sensory illusions due to misleading inputs to the vestibular system, a pilot may also encounter various visual illusions during flight. Illusions rank among the most common factors cited as contributing ... fatal aviation accidents. Sloping cloud formations, an obscured horizon, a dark scene spread with ground lights and stars, and certain geometric patterns of ground light can create illusions of not being aligned correctly with the actual horizon. Various surface features…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-5
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation › Common Errors

  nose too abruptly when power is reduced, thus placing the helicopter in a dive. 4. Failing to maintain proper rotor rpm during the descent. 5. Applying up-collective pitch at an excessive altitude, resulting in a hard landing, loss ... eliminate lateral movement during ground contact. (Similar for items 8 and 9) 8. Failing to maintain ground track in the air and keeping the landing gear aligned with the direction of travel during touchdown and ground contact. 9. Failing…