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  • Chapter 3: Helicopter Flight Controls

    limited to the single main rotor type helicopter but are employed in one form or another in most helicopter configurations. All examples in this chapter refer to a counterclockwise main rotor blade rotation as viewed from above. If flying…

  • Chapter 5: Rotorcraft Flight Manual › Operating Limitations (Section 2) › Airspeed Limitations

    external load. Pilots need to understand and adhere to all airspeed limitations appropriate to the make, model, and configuration of the helicopter being flown. Figure 5-2. Typical airspeed indicator limitations and markings…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Normal Takeoff from a Hover › Technique

    acceleration toward climbing airspeed and a commensurate gain in altitude so that the takeoff profile does not take the helicopter through any of the cross-hatched or shaded areas of the height/velocity diagram. As airspeed increases (position 5), place ... trim and allow a crab to take place to maintain ground track and a more favorable climb configuration. As the helicopter continues to climb and accelerate to best rate-of-climb, apply aft cyclic pressure to raise the nose smoothly…

  • Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation

    power-off glide is most efficient. The specific airspeed is somewhat different for each type of helicopter, but certain factors affect all configurations in the same manner. In general, rotor rpm maintained in the low green area (see Figure…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance › Climb Performance Factors

    feet per minute (fpm). Usually, these specific performance reference points are provided for the aircraft at a specific design configuration. [Figure 11-10] The terms “power loading,” “wing loading,” “blade loading,” and “disk loading” are commonly used in reference ... Blade loading is expressed in pounds per square foot and is obtained by dividing the total weight of a helicopter by the area of the rotor blades. Blade loading is not to be confused with disk loading, which…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction to the Helicopter › Rotor System › Rotor Configurations

    Rotor Configurations Most helicopters have a single, main rotor but require a separate rotor to overcome torque which is a turning or twisting force. This is accomplished through a variable pitch, antitorque rotor or tail rotor. This is the design…