HI.IX.B.K1

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. G-12
  Glossary › Domestic Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum

  flight director system, it provides steering commands that the pilot (or the autopilot, if coupled) follows. Flight level (FL). A measure of altitude (in hundreds of feet) used by aircraft flying above 18,000 feet with the altimeter ... instruments rather than outside visual cues, for the purpose of practicing basic attitude flying. The patterns simulate maneuvers encountered on instrument flights such as holding patterns, procedure turns, and approaches…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 8-17
  Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Gyroscopic Flight Instruments › Turn Coordinator

  Turn Coordinator The gimbal in the turn coordinator is canted; therefore, its gyro can sense both rate of roll and rate of turn. Since turn coordinators are more prevalent in training aircraft, this discussion concentrates on that instrument. When rolling ... into or out of a turn, the miniature aircraft banks in the direction the aircraft is rolled. A rapid roll rate causes the miniature aircraft to bank more steeply than a slow roll rate. The turn coordinator can be used…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 9-4
  Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Turns › Technique

  Since the helicopter continues to turn as long as there is any bank, start the rollout before reaching the desired heading. The discussion on level turns is equally applicable to making turns while climbing or descending. The only difference ... that the helicopter is in a climbing or descending attitude rather than that of level flight. If a so-called simultaneous entry (entering a turn while, at the same time, climbing or descending) is desired, merely combine the techniques…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 8-16
  Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Gyroscopic Flight Instruments › Turn-and-Slip Indicator

  Turn Indicators Aircraft use two types of turn indicators: turn-and-slip indicators and turn coordinators. Because of the way the gyro is mounted, the turn-and-slip indicator shows only the rate of turn in degrees per second ... turn coordinator is mounted at an angle, or canted, so it can initially show roll rate. When the roll stabilizes, it indicates rate of turn. Both instruments indicate turn direction and quality (coordination), and also serve as a backup source…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-22
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Turns

  basic truth about turns is that when the aircraft banks, lift acts inward toward the center of the turn, perpendicular to the lateral axis as well as upward. Newton’s First Law of Motion, the Law of Inertia, states that ... acted on by some other force. An aircraft, like any moving object, requires a sideward force to make it turn. In a normal turn, this force is supplied by banking the aircraft so that lift is exerted inward, as well…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. PCG P-5
  Pilot/Controller Glossary › P

  designated as being made either in level flight or while descending, according to the circumstances of each individual approach procedure. PROCEDURE TURN INBOUND- That point of a procedure turn maneuver where course reversal has been completed and an aircraft ... intermediate approach segment or final approach course. A report of “procedure turn inbound” is normally used by ATC as a position report for separation purposes…