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  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Hovering—Forward Flight › Technique

    Common Errors Failing to maintain a slow, constant rate of turn. 2. Failing to maintain position over the reference point. 3. Failing to maintain rpm within normal range. 4. Failing to maintain constant altitude. 5. Failing to use the antitorque ... location, and it may begin from a stationary hover. During the maneuver, constant groundspeed, altitude, and heading should be maintained. Technique Before starting, pick out two references directly in front and in line with the helicopter. These reference points should…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 3. En Route Procedures › 5-3-2. Position Reporting

    Flights Along Airways or Routes. A position report is required by all flights regardless of altitude, including those operating in accordance with an ATC clearance specifying “VFR-on-top,” over each designated compulsory reporting point along the route being flown ... including flights operating in accordance with an ATC clearance specifying “VFR-on-top,” pilots must report over each reporting point used in the flight plan to define the route of flight. 3. Flights in a Radar Environment. When informed…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Hovering—Sideward Flight › Technique

    Then, pick two points of in-line reference in the direction of sideward hovering flight to help maintain the proper ground track. These reference points should be kept in line throughout the maneuver. [Figure 9-8] Begin the maneuver from ... toward the side in which the movement is desired. As the movement begins, return the cyclic toward the neutral position to maintain low groundspeed—no faster than a brisk walk. Throughout the maneuver, maintain a constant groundspeed and ground track…

  • Chapter 7: Helicopter Performance › Performance Charts › Sample Hover Problem 2

    pictures of the local wildlife. Using Figure 7-4, can you safely hover in ground effect at your departure point with the following conditions? First enter the chart at 8,000 feet pressure altitude (point A), then move right until ... reaching a point midway between the +10 °C and +20 °C lines (point B). From that point, proceed down to find the maximum gross weight where a 2 foot hover can be achieved. In this case, it is approximately…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Hovering Turn › Technique

    amount of pedal pressure and cyclic deflection throughout the turn depends on the wind velocity. As the turn is finished on the upwind heading, apply opposite pedal pressure to stop the turn. Gradually apply forward cyclic pressure to keep ... helicopter from drifting. Control pressures and direction of application change continuously throughout the turn. The most dramatic change is the pedal pressure (and corresponding power requirement) necessary to control the rate of turn as the helicopter moves through the downwind…

  • Chapter 7, Section I: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Turn Coordinator

    Turn Coordinator The miniature aircraft of the turn coordinator gives an indirect indication of the bank attitude of the airplane. When the miniature aircraft is level, the airplane is in straight flight. When the miniature airplane is aligned with ... seen in level flight when a bank is introduced either to the left or the right. The turn coordinator’s indicator will indicate the rolling motion although there is no turn being made. Conversely, a pedal input to the right…