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  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-17. VFR Helicopter Operations at Controlled Airports

    expected that pilots will advise ATC if a specific clearance will cause undue hazards to persons or property. b. Controllers normally limit ATC ground service and instruction to movement areas; therefore, operations from nonmovement areas are conducted at pilot discretion ... must be recognized by the pilot, and action should be taken as necessary to avoid such hazards. Taxi, hover taxi, and air taxi operations are considered to be ground movements. Helicopters conducting such operations are expected to adhere…

  • Pilot/Controller Glossary › A

    RESPONSIBLE TO REQUEST AN AMENDED CLEARANCE if ATC issues a clearance that would cause a pilot to deviate from a rule or regulation, or in the pilot’s opinion, would place the aircraft in jeopardy. (See ATC INSTRUCTIONS.) (See ICAO ... term AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCE.) AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL- A service operated by appropriate authority to promote the safe, orderly and expeditious flow of air traffic. (See ICAO term AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICE.) AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL CLEARANCE [ICAO]- Authorization…

  • Chapter 12: Weather Theory › Air Masses

    Areas of stagnation can be found in polar regions, tropical oceans, and dry deserts. Air masses are generally identified as polar or tropical based on temperature characteristics and maritime or continental based on moisture content. A continental polar air mass ... forms over a polar region and brings cool, dry air with it. Maritime tropical air masses form over warm tropical waters like the Caribbean Sea and bring warm, moist air. As the air mass moves from its source region…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-18. Taxiing

    Taxiing a. General. Approval must be obtained prior to moving an aircraft or vehicle onto the movement area during the hours an Airport Traffic Control Tower is in operation. 1. Always state your position on the airport when calling ... tower for taxi instructions. 2. The movement area is normally described in local bulletins issued by the airport manager or control tower. These bulletins may be found in FSSs, fixed base operators offices, air carrier offices, and operations offices…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Taxiing › Air Taxi

    Hover Taxi A hover taxi is used when operating below 25 feet above ground level (AGL). [Figure 9-9] Since hover taxi is just like forward, sideward, or rearward hovering flight, the technique to perform it is not presented here ... Air Taxi An air taxi is preferred when movements require greater distances within an airport or heliport boundary. [Figure 9-10] In this case, fly to the new location; however, it is expected that the helicopter will remain below…

  • Chapter 12: Weather Theory › Atmospheric Stability

    opposite is true of descending air; as atmospheric pressure increases, the temperature of descending air increases as it is compressed. Adiabatic heating and adiabatic cooling are terms used to describe this temperature change. The adiabatic process takes place ... upward and downward moving air. When air rises into an area of lower pressure, it expands to a larger volume. As the molecules of air expand, the temperature of the air lowers. As a result, when a parcel of air…