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  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Landing Performance

    item that alters the landing speed or deceleration rate during the landing roll affects the landing distance. The effect of gross weight on landing distance is one of the principal items determining the landing distance. One effect of an increased ... gross weight is that a greater speed is required to support the aircraft at the landing AOA and lift coefficient. For an example of the effect of a change in gross weight, a 21 percent increase in landing weight requires…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-25. Flight Inspection/‘Flight Check’ Aircraft in Terminal Areas

    Strobe lights should not be illuminated during taxi if they will adversely affect the vision of other pilots or ground personnel. f. At the discretion of the pilot-in-command, all exterior lights should be illuminated when taxiing ... across any runway. This increases the conspicuousness of the aircraft to controllers and other pilots approaching to land, taxiing, or crossing the runway. Pilots should comply with any equipment operating limitations and consider the effects of landing and strobe lights…

  • Chapter 12: Night Operations › Night Flight › Illusions Leading to Landing Errors

    Outside visual references for airspeed and rate of closure may not be available, especially when landing in an unlit area, so pay special attention to the airspeed indicator. Although the landing light is a helpful aid when making night approaches ... there is an inherent disadvantage. The portion of the landing area illuminated by the landing light seems higher than the dark area surrounding it. This effect can cause a pilot to terminate the approach at an altitude that…

  • Pilot/Controller Glossary › L

    respect to ATC clearances, means aircraft whose altitude, position, and intentions are known to ATC. L LAA- (See LOCAL AIRPORT ADVISORY.) LAANC- (See LOW ALTITUDE AUTHORIZATION AND NOTIFICATION CAPABILITY.) LAHSO- (See LAND AND HOLD SHORT OPERATIONS.) LAND AND HOLD SHORT ... OPERATIONS- Operations that include simultaneous takeoffs and landings and/or simultaneous landings when a landing aircraft is able and is instructed by the controller to hold short of an intersecting runway or taxiway, a predetermined point, or an approach/departure flightpath. Pilots…

  • Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Airport Markings and Signs › Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO)

    Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO) When simultaneous operations (takeoffs and landings) are being conducted on intersecting runways, Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO) may also be in effect. LAHSO is an ATC procedure that may require your participation ... have the final authority to accept or decline any LAHSO clearance. Figure 14-15. Runway distance remaining sign indicating that there is 2,000 feet of runway remaining. If issued a land and hold short clearance, you must be aware…

  • Chapter 9: Aircraft Electrical System › Exterior Lights › Landing & Taxi Lights

    Each light may be controlled by a relay, or it may be connected directly into the electric circuit. On some aircraft, the landing light is mounted in the same area with a taxi light. [Figure 9-178] A sealed beam ... halogen, or high intensity xenon discharge lamp is used. Taxi lights are designed to provide illumination on the ground while taxiing or towing the aircraft to or from a runway, taxi strip, or in the hangar area. [Figure…