HI.VII.E.R2

From the FAA library

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 3-4
  Chapter 3: Helicopter Flight Controls › Antitorque Pedals › Heading Control

  Pressing on the left pedal has the opposite effect: the nose of the helicopter yaws to the left and the tail swings right. [Figure 3-6] With the antitorque pedals in the neutral position, the tail rotor has a medium ... positive pitch angle. In medium positive pitch, the tail rotor thrust approximately equals the torque of the main rotor during cruise flight, so the helicopter maintains a constant heading in level flight. A vertical fin or stabilizer is used…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 2-15
  Chapter 2: Aerodynamics of Flight › Hovering Flight › Translating Tendency (Drift)

  Translating Tendency (Drift) During hovering flight, a single main rotor helicopter tends to move in the direction of tail rotor thrust. This lateral (or sideward) movement is called translating tendency. [Figure 2-27] To counteract this tendency, one or more ... following features may be used. All examples are for a counterclockwise rotating main rotor disk. Figure 2-27. A tail rotor is designed to produce thrust in a direction opposite torque. The thrust produced by the tail rotor is sufficient…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 2-21
  Chapter 2: Aerodynamics of Flight › Forward Flight › Effective Translational Lift (ETL)

  Translational Lift Improved rotor efficiency resulting from directional flight is called translational lift. The efficiency of the hovering rotor disk is greatly improved with each knot of incoming wind gained by horizontal movement of the aircraft or surface wind ... incoming wind produced by aircraft movement or surface wind enters the rotor disk, turbulence and vortices are left behind and the flow of air becomes more horizontal. In addition, the tail rotor becomes more aerodynamically efficient during the transition from…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 6-5
  Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › T-Tail

  example, the horizontal tail surfaces may be attached near the lower part of the vertical stabilizer, at the midpoint, or at the high point, as in the T-tail design. Figure 6-10. The elevator is the primary control ... changing the pitch attitude of an aircraft. T-Tail In a T-tail configuration, the elevator is above most of the effects of downwash from the propeller, as well as airflow around the fuselage and/or wings during normal flight conditions…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-18
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › System Malfunctions › Loss of Tail Rotor Effectiveness (LTE)

  helicopters. The respect and discipline pilots exercise in following flight manuals should also be applied to understanding aerodynamic conditions. If flight envelopes are exceeded, the end results can be catastrophic. LTE is an aerodynamic condition and is the result ... control margin deficiency in the tail rotor. It can affect all single-rotor helicopters that utilize a tail rotor. The design of main and tail rotor blades and the tail boom assembly can affect the characteristics and susceptibility…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 1-4
  Chapter 1: Introduction to the Helicopter › Rotor System › Intermeshing Rotors

  shafts connected at both ends with flexible couplings. The flexible couplings allow the drive shaft to flex with the tail boom. Figure 1-7. Coaxial rotors. Figure 1-8. HH-43 Huskie with intermeshing rotors. Figure 1-9. Basic tail ... rotor components. The gearbox at the end of the tail boom provides an angled drive for the tail rotor and may also include gearing to adjust the output to the optimum rotational speed typically measured in revolutions per minute…