HI.VII.E.S4

From the FAA library

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 5-3
  Chapter 5: Rotorcraft Flight Manual › Operating Limitations (Section 2) › Rotor Limitations

  Altitude Limitations If the rotorcraft has a maximum operating density altitude (see page 7-2), it is indicated in this section of the flight manual. Sometimes the maximum altitude varies based on different gross weights. Rotor Limitations Low rpm does ... produce sufficient lift, and high rpm may cause structural damage, therefore rotor rpm limitations have minimum and maximum values. A green arc depicts the normal operating range with red lines showing the minimum and maximum limits. [Figure 5-3] There…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 9-2
  Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › The Four Fundamentals › Guidelines

  Good practices to follow during maneuvering flight include: 1. Move the cyclic only as fast as trim, torque, and rotor speed can be maintained. When entering a maneuver and the trim, rotor, or torque reacts quicker than anticipated, pilot limitations ... have been exceeded. If continued, an aircraft limitation will be exceeded. Perform the maneuver with less intensity until all aspects of the machine can be controlled. The pilot must be aware of the sensitivity of the flight controls…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-44
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › High Speed Flight › Subsonic Versus Supersonic Flow

  Compressibility (and to a lesser extent viscosity) is of paramount importance at speeds approaching the speed of sound. In these speed ranges, compressibility causes a change in the density of the air around an aircraft. During flight, a wing produces ... lift by accelerating the airflow over the upper surface. This accelerated air can, and does, reach sonic speeds even though the aircraft itself may be flying subsonic. At some extreme AOAs, in some aircraft, the speed of the air over…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 2-15
  Chapter 2: Aerodynamics of Flight › Hovering Flight › Translating Tendency (Drift)

  Translating Tendency (Drift) During hovering flight, a single main rotor helicopter tends to move in the direction of tail rotor thrust. This lateral (or sideward) movement is called translating tendency. [Figure 2-27] To counteract this tendency, one or more ... following features may be used. All examples are for a counterclockwise rotating main rotor disk. Figure 2-27. A tail rotor is designed to produce thrust in a direction opposite torque. The thrust produced by the tail rotor is sufficient…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 5-2
  Chapter 5: Rotorcraft Flight Manual › Operating Limitations (Section 2) › Airspeed Limitations

  Instrument Markings Instrument markings may include, but are not limited to, green, red, and yellow ranges for the safe operation of the aircraft. The green marking indicates a range of continuous operation. The red range indicates the maximum or minimum ... operation allowed while the yellow range indicates a caution or transition area. Airspeed Limitations Airspeed limitations are shown on the airspeed indicator by color coding and on placards or graphs in the aircraft. A red line on the airspeed indicator…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 8-9
  Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Airspeed Indicator Markings

  coded marking system. This system of color-coded markings enables a pilot to determine at a glance certain airspeed limitations that are important to the safe operation of the aircraft. For example, if during the execution of a maneuver ... following standard color-coded markings: • White arc—commonly referred to as the flap operating range since its lower limit represents the full flap stall speed and its upper limit provides the maximum flap speed. Approaches and landings are usually flown…