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  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Climb Performance Factors › Region of Reversed Command

    majority of aircraft flying (climb, cruise, and maneuvers) is conducted in the region of normal command. Flight in the region of reversed command means flight in which a higher airspeed requires a lower power setting and a lower airspeed requires ... higher power setting to hold altitude. It does not imply that a decrease in power produces lower airspeed. The region of reversed command is encountered in the low speed phases of flight. Flight speeds below the speed for maximum endurance…

  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Climbs

    Figure 5-35. Normal, slipping, and skidding turns at a constant altitude. If the climb is entered with no change in power setting, the airspeed gradually diminishes because the thrust required to maintain a given airspeed in level flight ... insufficient to maintain the same airspeed in a climb. When the flight path is inclined upward, a component of the aircraft’s weight acts in the same direction as, and parallel to, the total drag of the aircraft, thereby increasing…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Normal Takeoff from a Hover › Technique

    increase in power requires an increase in the proper antitorque pedal to maintain heading. Maintain a straight takeoff path throughout the takeoff. While accelerating through effective translational lift (position 3), the helicopter begins to climb, and the nose tends ... rise due to increased lift. At this point, adjust the collective to obtain normal climb power and apply enough forward cyclic to overcome the tendency of the nose to rise. At position 4, hold an attitude that allows a smooth…

  • Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Normal Climb › Technique

    Normal Climb The entry into a climb from a hover has already been described in the Normal Takeoff from a Hover subsection; therefore, this discussion is limited to a climb entry from cruising flight. Technique To enter a climb ... helicopter while maintaining airspeed, the first actions are increasing the collective and throttle, and adjusting the pedals as necessary to maintain a centered ball in the slip/skid indicator. Moving the collective up requires a slight aft movement of the cyclic…

  • Chapter 13: Transition to Multiengine Airplanes › Normal and Crosswind Takeoff and Climb

    Most airliners and most turbine-powered airplanes climb out at an attitude that yields best rate of climb (VY) usually utilizing a flight management system (FMS). When to raise the landing gear after takeoff depends on several factors. Normally ... gear should be retracted when there is insufficient runway available for landing and after a positive rate of climb is established as indicated on the altimeter. If an excessive amount of runway is available, it would not be prudent…

  • Chapter 7, Section II: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Straight-and-Level Flight › Airspeed Changes in Straight-and-Level Flight

    Accordingly, knowledge of the power settings and trim changes associated with different combinations of airspeed, gear, and flap configurations reduces instrument cross-check and interpretation problems. [Figure 7-60] For example, assume that in straight-and-level flight instruments indicate ... knots with power at 23 "Hg manifold pressure/2,300 revolutions per minute (rpm), gear and flaps up. After reduction in airspeed, with gear and flaps fully extended, straight-and-level flight at the same altitude requires 25 "Hg manifold pressure/2…