HI.XI.J.K3

From the FAA library

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-15
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Low-G Conditions and Mast Bumping

  normal cruise speed. Turbulence (where high rotor flapping angles are already present), and higher airspeeds (where the controls are more sensitive) both increase susceptibility to low-G conditions. • Use a flight simulator to learn to recognize and experience low ... flapping clearances are exceeded, but because they retain some control authority at low G, occurrences are less common than for teetering rotors. Low Rotor RPM and Rotor Stall Rotor rpm is a critically important parameter for all helicopter operations. Just…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-44
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › High Speed Flight › Subsonic Versus Supersonic Flow

  Compressibility (and to a lesser extent viscosity) is of paramount importance at speeds approaching the speed of sound. In these speed ranges, compressibility causes a change in the density of the air around an aircraft. During flight, a wing produces ... lift by accelerating the airflow over the upper surface. This accelerated air can, and does, reach sonic speeds even though the aircraft itself may be flying subsonic. At some extreme AOAs, in some aircraft, the speed of the air over…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 2-15
  Chapter 2: Aerodynamics of Flight › Hovering Flight › Translating Tendency (Drift)

  Translating Tendency (Drift) During hovering flight, a single main rotor helicopter tends to move in the direction of tail rotor thrust. This lateral (or sideward) movement is called translating tendency. [Figure 2-27] To counteract this tendency, one or more ... following features may be used. All examples are for a counterclockwise rotating main rotor disk. Figure 2-27. A tail rotor is designed to produce thrust in a direction opposite torque. The thrust produced by the tail rotor is sufficient…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 9-2
  Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › The Four Fundamentals › Guidelines

  Good practices to follow during maneuvering flight include: 1. Move the cyclic only as fast as trim, torque, and rotor speed can be maintained. When entering a maneuver and the trim, rotor, or torque reacts quicker than anticipated, pilot limitations ... controlled. The pilot must be aware of the sensitivity of the flight controls due to the high speed of the main rotor. 2. Anticipate changes in aircraft performance due to loading or environmental condition. The normal collective increase to check…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-49
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Boundary Layer Separation › High Speed Flight Controls

  High Speed Flight Controls On high-speed aircraft, flight controls are divided into primary flight controls and secondary or auxiliary flight controls. The primary flight controls maneuver the aircraft about the pitch, roll, and yaw axes. They include the ailerons ... spoilers, and slats. Spoilers are used on the upper surface of the wing to spoil or reduce lift. High speed aircraft, due to their clean low drag design, use spoilers as speed brakes to slow them down. Spoilers are extended…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-3
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation › RPM Control

  RPM Control Rotor rpm in low inertia rotor systems has been studied in simulator flight evaluations which indicate that the simultaneous application of aft cyclic, down collective, and alignment with the relative wind (trim) at a wide range of airspeeds ... vary with specific makes and/or models of helicopters. A basic discussion of the aerodynamics and control inputs for single rotor systems is in order here. Helicopter pilots must understand the use of the collective for rotor rpm control during power…