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  • Chapter 3: Aircraft Construction › Subcomponents

    systems. These power sources include: engine-driven alternating current (AC) generators, auxiliary power units (APUs), and external power. The aircraft’s electrical power system is used to operate the flight instruments, essential systems, such as anti-icing, and passenger services…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Electrical System

    battery provides a source of electrical power for starting the engine and a limited supply of electrical power for use in the event the alternator or generator fails. Most DC generators do not produce a sufficient amount of electrical current ... range of engine speeds. Some aircraft have receptacles to which an external ground power unit (GPU) may be connected to provide electrical energy for starting. These are very useful, especially during cold weather starting. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Climb Performance Factors › Region of Reversed Command

    normal command. Flight in the region of reversed command means flight in which a higher airspeed requires a lower power setting and a lower airspeed requires a higher power setting to hold altitude. It does not imply that a decrease ... power produces lower airspeed. The region of reversed command is encountered in the low speed phases of flight. Flight speeds below the speed for maximum endurance (lowest point on the power curve) require higher power settings with a decrease…

  • Chapter 5: Mitigating Risk › Mitigating External Pressure Risks › Local Versus Transportation Flights

    option is easier if another means of transportation is available or if long-term rescheduling is an option. Mitigating External Pressure Risks External pressures can be either subtle or overt. Because it may involve passengers or others waiting ... them of the need for flexibility. Local Versus Transportation Flights A local pleasure flight can still be subject to external pressures, but it is easier to cancel than a scheduled flight related to transportation to an event. When planning…

  • Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Starting System

    aircraft flywheel, rotating the engine at a speed that allows the engine to start and maintain operation. Electrical power for starting is usually supplied by an onboard battery, but can also be supplied by external power through an external power ... receptacle. When the battery switch is turned on, electricity is supplied to the main power bus bar through the battery solenoid. Both the starter and the starter switch draw current from the main bus bar, but the starter will…

  • Chapter 8: Engine Removal & Replacement › Preparation of Engine for Ground & Flight Testing › Pre-Oiling

    more easily with the starter. Also, connect an external source of electrical power (auxiliary power unit) to the aircraft electrical system to prevent an excessive drain on the aircraft battery. In using some types of pre-oilers, such as that…