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  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 6. Potential Flight Hazards › 7-6-7. Mountain Flying

    sense. Proper pre-flight planning, giving ample consideration to winds and weather, knowledge of the terrain and pilot experience in mountain flying are prerequisites for safety of flight. Continuous visual contact with the surface and obstructions is a major concern ... less dense air at altitude, this same indicated airspeed actually results in higher true airspeed, a faster landing speed, and more important, a longer landing distance. During gusty wind conditions which often prevail at high altitude fields, a power approach…

  • Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual

    direction of flight; therefore, the actual flight path of the airplane determines the direction of the relative wind. Remote communications outlet (RCO). An unmanned communications facility that is remotely controlled by air traffic personnel. Required navigation performance (RNP). A specified ... subject to restriction. Reverse sensing. The VOR needle appearing to indicate the reverse of normal operation. RF. Radio frequency. Rhodopsin. The photosensitive pigments that initiate the visual response in the rods of the eye. Rigging. The final adjustment and alignment…

  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 1. Meteorology › 7-1-27. Thunderstorm Flying

    attempt to fly under a thunderstorm even if you can see through to the other side. Turbulence and wind shear under the storm could be hazardous. 3. Don’t attempt to fly under the anvil of a thunderstorm. There ... cloud mass containing scattered embedded thunderstorms. Scattered thunderstorms not embedded usually can be visually circumnavigated. 5. Don’t trust the visual appearance to be a reliable indicator of the turbulence inside a thunderstorm. 6. Don’t assume that ATC will…

  • Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 3. Airport Operations › 4-3-4. Visual Indicators at Airports Without an Operating Control Tower

    Airports Without an Operating Control Tower a. At those airports without an operating control tower, a segmented circle visual indicator system, if installed, is designed to provide traffic pattern information. b. The segmented circle system consists of the following components ... ground and providing a centralized location for other elements of the system. 2. The wind direction indicator. A wind cone, wind sock, or wind tee installed near the operational runway to indicate wind direction. The large end of the wind…

  • 16 Mountain Weather › 16.2 Mountain Waves and Adverse Winds › 16.2.7 Visual Indicators of Orographic Wind Fields

    across mountain ranges. The point is that strong wind flow in the vicinity of irregular terrain can produce a multitude of disturbances of varying size and strength, many without reliable visual indicators. Their presence should be suspected when ... flying downwind of rugged terrain, whenever the wind flow at ridge level exceeds about 20 kt. 16.2.7 Visual Indicators of Orographic Wind Fields Figure 16-15 provides a schematic of mountain waves and possible associated clouds. The most distinctive clouds…

  • 28 Aviation Weather Tools › 28.3 FAA Flight Service’s Interactive Map

    conditions (including any changes in primary weather information or adverse weather phenomena, such as CAT, thunderstorms, or low-altitude wind shear) that may affect the safety of the flight. o Provides the PIC with any additional available information regarding irregularities ... when a flight has a cruise time of more than one hour. If the report does not indicate conditions suitable for a visual approach, the flight proceeds to the alternate airport. Ensures that the dispatcher or flight follower is informed…