IL.VIII.G.S10

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-11
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  Figure 5-16. Ground effect changes airflow. Ground effect also alters the thrust required versus velocity. Since induced drag predominates at low speeds, the reduction of induced drag due to ground effect will cause a significant reduction of thrust required ... downwash, and wingtip vortices, there may be a change in position (installation) error of the airspeed system associated with ground effect. In the majority of cases, ground effect causes an increase in the local pressure at the static source…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. PCG T-6
  Pilot/Controller Glossary › T

  precision radar approach (PAR), it is the point where the glide path intercepts the landing surface. (See ICAO term TOUCHDOWN.) TOUCHDOWN [ICAO]- The point where the nominal glide path intercepts the runway. Note: Touchdown as defined above is only ... datum and is not necessarily the actual point at which the aircraft will touch the runway. TOUCHDOWN RVR- (See VISIBILITY.) TOUCHDOWN ZONE- The first 3,000 feet of the runway beginning at the threshold. The area is used for determination…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-1
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Integrating Instruction Techniques › Ground Instruction

  Integrating Instruction Techniques A flight instructor uses many instructional techniques during ground instruction, when using simulation, and during hands-on aircraft training. Since flight training costs are high and new aircraft are more complex than in the past, the total ... time without sacrificing the quality of the end product. This section looks at teaching techniques in greater detail. Ground Instruction Ground instruction can be highly effective if it follows an overall plan designed to prepare the learner for flight…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-4
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Integrating Instruction Techniques › On-Aircraft Training

  Aircraft Training On-aircraft training is the continuation of work that is initiated on the ground and part of the integrated training process. As indicated in Chapter 7, Planning Instructional Activity, the instructor must plan the flight given ... same extent as the learner who prepares for it. Just as it is important to have objectives for ground instruction, it is equally important that the flight instruction have objectives and a syllabus paired with previous instruction given…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-5
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Autorotation › Common Errors

  nose too abruptly when power is reduced, thus placing the helicopter in a dive. 4. Failing to maintain proper rotor rpm during the descent. 5. Applying up-collective pitch at an excessive altitude, resulting in a hard landing, loss ... eliminate lateral movement during ground contact. (Similar for items 8 and 9) 8. Failing to maintain ground track in the air and keeping the landing gear aligned with the direction of travel during touchdown and ground contact. 9. Failing…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 10-7
  Chapter 10: Advanced Flight Maneuvers › Shallow Approach and Running/Roll-On Landing › Technique

  angle of descent is less (position 1). As the collective is lowered, maintain heading with proper antitorque pedal pressure and rpm with the throttle. Maintain approach airspeed until the apparent rate of closure appears to be increasing. Then, begin ... place the helicopter in a level attitude with the cyclic, and maintain heading with the antitorque pedals. Use the cyclic to keep the direction of travel and ground track identical (position 3). Allow the helicopter to descend gently…