IL.X.C.K2

From the FAA library

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 8-5
  Chapter 8: Aviation Instructor Responsibilities and Professionalism › Flight Instructor Responsibilities › Ensuring Learner Skill Set

  sensations due to G-force, or an uncomfortable feeling in the stomach. To teach effectively, instructors cannot ignore the existence of these negative factors, nor should they ridicule learners who are adversely affected. These negative sensations can usually be overcome ... Flight instructors ensure learner pilots develop the required skills and knowledge prior to solo flight. The learner pilot needs to show consistency in the required solo tasks: takeoffs and landings, ability to prioritize maintaining control of the aircraft, proficiency…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 17-8
  Chapter 17: Aeromedical Factors › Visual Illusions › Demonstration of Spatial Disorientation

  many false sensations can occur due to acceleration forces overpowering gravity. [Figure 17-6] These situations include uncoordinated turns, climbing turns, and turbulence. Demonstration of Spatial Disorientation There are a number of controlled aircraft maneuvers a pilot can perform ... these maneuvers, the absence of sensation is still an effective demonstration because it illustrates the inability to detect bank or roll. Skid, slip, and uncoordinated turns feel similar. Pilots feel they are being forced sideways in their seat. Figure…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 6-2
  Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Primary Flight Controls

  Flight Control Systems Flight Controls Aircraft flight control systems consist of primary and secondary systems. The ailerons, elevator (or stabilator), and rudder constitute the primary control system and are required to control an aircraft safely during flight. Wing flaps, leading ... edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems constitute the secondary control system and improve the performance characteristics of the airplane or relieve the pilot of excessive control forces. Primary Flight Controls Aircraft control systems are carefully designed to provide adequate responsiveness…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-8
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Positive Exchange of Flight Controls › Procedure

  Procedure During flight training, there should always be a clear understanding between learners and flight instructors about who has control of the aircraft. The preflight briefing should include procedures for the exchange of flight controls. A positive three-step process ... exchange of flight controls between pilots is a proven procedure and one that is strongly recommended. When an instructor is teaching a maneuver to a learner, the instructor normally demonstrates the maneuver first, then has the learner follow along…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-51
  Chapter 6: Flight Controls

  Chapter Summary In order to sustain an aircraft in flight, a pilot must understand how thrust, drag, lift, and weight act on the aircraft. By understanding the aerodynamics of flight, how design, weight, load factors, and gravity affect an aircraft ... during flight maneuvers from stalls to high speed flight, the pilot learns how to control the balance between these forces. For information on stall speeds, load factors, and other important aircraft data, always consult the AFM/POH for specific information pertaining…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 3-3
  Chapter 3: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Effect and Use of Flight Controls › Feel of the Airplane

  vibrations felt through the controls, engine and propeller sounds and vibrations at various flight attitudes, and the sensations felt by the pilot through physical accelerations. Humans sense “feel” through kinesthesis (the ability to sense movement through the body) and proprioception ... aircraft control. Developing this “feel” takes time and exposure in a particular airplane. It only comes with dedicated practice at the various flight conditions so that a pilot’s senses are trained by the sounds, vibrations, and forces produced…