IL.X.C.S5

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-23
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Turns

  important fact for pilots to remember when making constant altitude turns is that the vertical component of lift must be equal to the weight to maintain altitude. At a given airspeed, the rate at which an aircraft turns depends upon ... horizontal component of lift. It is found that the horizontal component of lift is proportional to the angle of bank—that is, it increases or decreases respectively as the angle of bank increases or decreases. As the angle of bank…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-34
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Load Factors › Load Factors in Steep Turns

  Load Factors in Steep Turns At a constant altitude, during a coordinated turn in any aircraft, the load factor is the result of two forces: centrifugal force and weight. [Figure 5-52] For any given bank angle, the ROT varies ... with the airspeed—the higher the speed, the slower the ROT. This compensates for added centrifugal force, allowing the load factor to remain the same. Figure 5-52. Two forces cause load factor during turns. Figure 5-53 reveals…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-39
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Load Factors › Radius of Turn

  Turn The radius of turn is directly linked to the ROT, which explained earlier is a function of both bank angle and airspeed. If the bank angle is held constant and the airspeed is increased, the radius of the turn ... changes (increases). A higher airspeed causes the aircraft to travel through a longer Figure 5-57. Rate of turn when increasing speed. Example Suppose we wanted to know what bank angle would give us a rate of turn…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-7
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › The Telling-and-Doing Technique › Instructor Tells—Instructor Does

  turn the aircraft in the desired direction, and apply a slight amount of back pressure on the yoke to maintain altitude. Maintain coordinated flight by applying rudder in the direction of the turn. ⦁ Remember, the ailerons control the roll rate ... well as the angle of bank. The rate at which the aircraft rolls depends on how much aileron deflection is used. How far the aircraft rolls (steepness of the bank) depends on how long the ailerons are deflected, since…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 7-4
  Chapter 7: Ground Reference Maneuvers › Drift and Ground Track Control › Constant Radius During Turning Flight

  Figure 7-2. Effect of wind during a turn. For a given true airspeed, the radius of turn in the air varies proportionally with the bank angle. To maintain a constant radius over the ground, the bank angle used ... proportional to groundspeed. For example, an airplane is in the downwind position at 100 knots groundspeed. In this example, the wind is 10 knots, meaning that the airplane has an airspeed of 90 knots (for this discussion, assume true, calibrated…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 7-20
  Chapter 7, Section I: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Turns › Turns to Predetermined Headings

  Figure 7-33. Standard rate turn, constant airspeed. Some airplanes are very stable during turns, requiring only slight trim adjustments that permit hands-off flight while the airplane remains in the established attitude. Other airplanes require constant, rapid cross-check ... control during turns to correct overbanking tendencies. Due to the interrelationship of pitch, bank, and airspeed deviations during turns, cross-check must be fast in order to prevent an accumulation of errors. Turns to Predetermined Headings As long…