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  • Chapter 6: Assessment › Critiques and Oral Assessments › Characteristics of Effective Questions

    instructor considers appropriate. Objective questions have only one correct answer, while the answer to an open-ended HOTS question can be expressed in a variety of possible solutions. To be effective, questions must: 1. Apply to the subject of instruction ... questions: ⦁ Puzzle—“What is the first action you should take if a conventional gear airplane with a weak right brake is swerving left in a right crosswind during a full flap, power-on wheel landing?” ⦁ Oversize—“What…

  • Chapter 7: Automation & Flight Path Management › Integrated Flight Path Automation Systems

    While pilots often rely on the autopilot, they also need to be able to fly the aircraft manually within appropriate standards. Pilots should train and practice using automation under VFR with an appropriately qualified and knowledgeable flight instructor before attempting ... flight simulation training device provides the opportunity to practice and repeat automation procedures with a simulated high workload. Through appropriate training and practice, pilots learn to operate autopilot systems with ease and in a routine manner. Knowledge of system limitations…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Runway Surface and Gradient

    runway and the tires, they can also act as obstructions and reduce the landing distance. [Figure 11-16] Braking effectiveness is another consideration when dealing with various runway types. The condition of the surface affects the braking ability ... aircraft. The amount of power that is applied to the brakes without skidding the tires is referred to as braking effectiveness. Ensure that runways are adequate in length for takeoff acceleration and landing deceleration when less than ideal surface conditions…

  • Chapter 6: Flight Controls › Flight Control Systems › Adverse Yaw

    magnifies the control problems associated with adverse yaw. All turns are coordinated by use of ailerons, rudder, and elevator. Applying aileron pressure is necessary to place the aircraft in the desired angle of bank, while simultaneous application of rudder pressure ... required during a turn than during straight-and-level flight, the angle of attack (AOA) must be increased by applying elevator back pressure. The steeper the turn, the more elevator back pressure that is needed. As the desired angle…

  • Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › The Telling-and-Doing Technique › Instructor Tells—Instructor Does

    take care to clearly describe the actions learners are expected to perform. Communication is the key. It is neither appropriate nor effective for instructors to try to impress learners with their expertise by using language that is unnecessarily complicated ... instruments. ⦁ After clearing the airspace around the aircraft, add power slightly, turn the aircraft in the desired direction, and apply a slight amount of back pressure on the yoke to maintain altitude. Maintain coordinated flight by applying rudder…

  • Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Assessment of Piloting Ability › Practical Test Recommendations

    However, at a minimum, the instructor needs to cite the appropriate 14 CFR part 61 section that has been completed. FAA inspectors and DPEs rely on flight instructor recommendations as evidence of qualification for certification, and proof that a review ... been given of the subject areas found to be deficient on the appropriate knowledge test. Recommendations also provide assurance that the applicant has had a thorough briefing on the ACS/PTS and the associated knowledge areas, maneuvers, and procedures…