Flight Instructor for Powered-Lift Category › XIV. Emergency Operations › Task H. Systems and Equipment Malfunctions

IL.XIV.H.K2e

Knowledge

System and equipment malfunctions specific to the aircraft, including:

Landing gear or flap malfunction

Study note

Get a short, cited explanation of this element written from the FAA handbooks: the core idea, the numbers that matter, common test traps, and a quick self-check.

From the FAA library

Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. 7-34
Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Hydraulic Systems › Fixed and Retractable Landing Gear
Fixed and Retractable Landing Gear Landing gear can also be classified as either fixed or retractable. Fixed landing gear always remains extended and has the advantage of simplicity combined with low maintenance. Retractable landing gear is designed to streamline ... airplane by allowing the landing gear to be stowed inside the structure during cruising flight. [Figure 7-39] Brakes Airplane brakes are located on the main wheels and are applied by either a hand control or by foot pedals…
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. 7-33
Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Hydraulic Systems
aircraft must be serviced with the type specified by the manufacturer. Refer to the AFM/POH or the Maintenance Manual. Landing Gear The landing gear forms the principal support of an aircraft on the surface. The most common type of landing ... also be equipped with floats for water operations or skis for landing on snow. [Figure 7-37] The landing gear on small aircraft consists of three wheels: two main wheels (one located on each side of the fuselage…
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. 7-33
Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Hydraulic Systems › Tailwheel Landing Gear
Tailwheel Landing Gear Tailwheel landing gear airplanes have two main wheels attached to the airframe ahead of its CG that support most of the weight of the structure. A tailwheel at the very back of the fuselage provides a third ... larger propeller and is more desirable for operations on unimproved fields. With the CG located behind the main landing gear, directional control using this type of landing gear is more difficult while on the ground. This is the main disadvantage…
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. G-33
Glossary › Pilot’s Operating Handbook/Airplane Flight Manual
expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling meeting or exceeding the minimums specified for VFR. VLE. Landing gear extended speed. The maximum speed at which an airplane can be safely flown with the landing gear extended ... Landing gear operating speed. The maximum speed for extending or retracting the landing gear if using an airplane equipped with retractable landing gear. VMC. Minimum control airspeed. This is the minimum flight speed at which a light, twin-engine airplane…
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. 7-33
Chapter 7: Aircraft Systems › Hydraulic Systems › Tricycle Landing Gear
Tricycle Landing Gear There are three advantages to using tricycle landing gear: 1. It allows more forceful application of the brakes during landings at high speeds without causing the aircraft to nose over. 2. It permits better forward visibility…
Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge p. 8-9
Chapter 8: Flight Instruments › Airspeed Indicator Markings
knots when an airplane is heavily loaded, but only 90 knots when the load is light. • Landing gear operating speed (VLO)—the maximum speed for extending or retracting the landing gear if flying an aircraft with retractable landing gear. • Landing ... gear extended speed (VLE)—the maximum speed at which an aircraft can be safely flown with the landing gear extended. • Best angle-of-climb speed (VX)—the airspeed at which an aircraft gains the greatest amount of altitude…