IL.XV.A.R8

From the FAA library

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-1
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Integrating Instruction Techniques › Ground Instruction

  Integrating Instruction Techniques A flight instructor uses many instructional techniques during ground instruction, when using simulation, and during hands-on aircraft training. Since flight training costs are high and new aircraft are more complex than in the past, the total ... time without sacrificing the quality of the end product. This section looks at teaching techniques in greater detail. Ground Instruction Ground instruction can be highly effective if it follows an overall plan designed to prepare the learner for flight…

• Aviation Instructor's Handbookp. 9-4
  Chapter 9: Techniques of Flight Instruction › Integrating Instruction Techniques › On-Aircraft Training

  Aircraft Training On-aircraft training is the continuation of work that is initiated on the ground and part of the integrated training process. As indicated in Chapter 7, Planning Instructional Activity, the instructor must plan the flight given ... same extent as the learner who prepares for it. Just as it is important to have objectives for ground instruction, it is equally important that the flight instruction have objectives and a syllabus paired with previous instruction given…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-11
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  Figure 5-16. Ground effect changes airflow. Ground effect also alters the thrust required versus velocity. Since induced drag predominates at low speeds, the reduction of induced drag due to ground effect will cause a significant reduction of thrust required ... downwash, and wingtip vortices, there may be a change in position (installation) error of the airspeed system associated with ground effect. In the majority of cases, ground effect causes an increase in the local pressure at the static source…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 14-31
  Chapter 14: Airport Operations › Collision Avoidance › Runway Incursion Avoidance

  prevent ground deviations, stay alert during ground operations. Pilot deviations can and frequently do occur on the ground. Many strategies and tactics pilots use to avoid airborne deviations also work on the ground. Pilots should also remain vigilant about vehicle/pedestrian ... entering or moving on the runway movement area without authorization from air traffic control. In serious instances, any ground deviation (PD or VPD) can result in a runway incursion. Best practices in preventing ground deviations can be found…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-11
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Ground Resonance

  surface, the unbalanced condition could be further aggravated. If the rpm is low, the only corrective action to stop ground resonance is to close the throttle immediately and fully lower the collective to place the blades in low pitch ... rotor disks because there is no drag hinge. In addition, skid-type landing gear is not as prone to ground resonance as wheel-type landing gear, since the rubber tires' resonant frequency typically can match that of the spinning rotor…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 11-11
  Chapter 11: Helicopter Emergencies and Hazards › Dynamic Rollover

  rollover angle is exceeded, the helicopter rolls on its side regardless of the cyclic corrections made. Figure 11-4. Ground resonance. Dynamic rollover begins when the helicopter starts to pivot laterally around its skid or wheel. For dynamic rollover…