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  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Thrust

    Figure 5-2. Force vectors during a stabilized climb. Likewise, if the engine power is increased, thrust becomes greater than drag and the airspeed increases. As long as the thrust continues to be greater than the drag, the aircraft continues ... accelerate. When drag equals thrust, the aircraft flies at a constant airspeed. Straight-and-level flight may be sustained at a wide range of speeds. The pilot coordinates AOA and thrust in all speed regimes if the aircraft…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance › Straight-and-Level Flight

    remain in steady, level flight, equilibrium must be obtained by a lift equal to the aircraft weight and a powerplant thrust equal to the aircraft drag. Thus, the aircraft drag defines the thrust required to maintain steady, level flight ... prevail. The unaccelerated condition of flight is achieved with the aircraft trimmed for lift equal to weight and the powerplant set for a thrust to equal the aircraft drag. The maximum level flight speed for the aircraft is obtained when…

  • Chapter 9: Flight Manuals and Other Documents › Powerplant

    Powerplant The Powerplant Limitations portion describes operating limitations on an aircraft’s reciprocating or turbine engine(s). These include limitations for takeoff power, maximum continuous power, and maximum normal operating power, which is the maximum power the engine can produce ... this area are the minimum and maximum oil and fuel pressures, oil and fuel grades, and propeller operating limits. [Figure 9-3] All reciprocating-engine powered aircraft must have a revolutions per minute (rpm) indicator for each engine. Aircraft equipped…

  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight

    elements without being involved in the technicalities of the aerodynamicist. In point of fact, considering only level flight, and normal climbs and glides in a steady state, it is still true that lift provided by the wing or rotor ... primary upward force, and weight is the primary downward force. By using the aerodynamic forces of thrust, drag, lift, and weight, pilots can fly a controlled, safe flight. A more detailed discussion of these forces follows. Thrust For an aircraft…

  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Aerodynamic Forces in Flight Maneuvers › Forces in Descents

    Figure 5-36. Changes in lift during climb entry. The thrust required for a stabilized climb equals drag plus a percentage of weight dependent on the angle of climb. For example, a 10° climb would require thrust to equal drag ... plus 17 percent of weight. To climb straight up would require thrust to equal all of weight and drag. Therefore, the angle of climb for climb performance is dependent on the amount of excess thrust available to overcome a portion…

  • 14 CFR Part 91, Appendix G to Part 91—Operations in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) Airspace

    divided by atmospheric pressure ratio, and altitudes over which an aircraft is approved to be operated in cruising flight within RVSM airspace. RVSM flight envelopes are defined as follows: (a) The full RVSM flight envelope is bounded as follows ... envelope extends from FL 290 upward to the lowest altitude of the following: (i) FL 410 (the RVSM altitude limit); (ii) The maximum certificated altitude for the aircraft; or (iii) The altitude limited by cruise thrust, buffet, or other flight…