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  • Chapter 16: Navigation › Distance D = GS X T › Fuel Consumption

    preflight planning. When planning a flight, you must determine how much fuel is needed to reach your destination by calculating the distance the aircraft can travel (with winds considered) at a known rate of fuel consumption (gal/hr or lbs/hr ... determines the time the flight will take. The amount of fuel needed for a given flight can be calculated by multiplying the estimated flight time by the rate of consumption. For example, a flight of 400 NM at 100 knots…

  • Chapter 7, Section II: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Common Errors › Timed Turns

    been completed in one direction, proceed to the opposite direction. When both directions have been calibrated, apply the calibrated calculations to all timed turns. In order to accomplish a timed turn, the amount of heading change needs to be established ... change in heading from 120° to a heading of 360°, the pilot calculates the difference and divides that number by 3. In this case, 120° divided by 3° per second equals 40 seconds. This means that it would take…

  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 2. Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures › 7-3-5. Cold Temperature Airport Procedures

    Pilots that have a system unable to calculate a temperature corrected DA or MDA will manually calculate an altitude correction for the MDA or DA. NOTE-Some systems apply temperature compensation only to those altitudes associated with an instrument approach ... system is not used to make the correction. Use TBL 7-3-1, ICAO Cold Temperature Error Table, to calculate the correction needed for the approach segment…

  • Chapter 10: Weight and Balance › Determining Loaded Weight and CG › Weight Addition or Removal

    exactly the aft limit. Solution: A simpler solution may be obtained by using a computer or calculator and a proportional formula. This can be done because the CG will shift a distance that is proportional to the distance the weight ... aircraft will be changed by the addition or removal of weight. When this happens, a new CG must be calculated and checked against the limitations to see if the location is acceptable. This type of weight and balance problem…

  • Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 2. Barometric Altimeter Errors and Setting Procedures › 7-3-6. Examples for Calculating Altitude Corrections on CTAs

    will be set to the current airport temperature (-12°C) and activated prior to passing the IAF. A manual calculation of the cold temperature altitude correction is required for the MDA/DA. 1. Individual Segments Method: Missoula requires correction ... intermediate and final segments. However, in this example, the missed approach is also shown. (a) Manual Calculation: Use the appropriate steps in the All Segments Method above to apply a correction to the required segment. (1) Intermediate. Use steps…

  • Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-17. Global Positioning System (GPS)

    charts, and Standard Instrument Departure/Standard Terminal Arrival (SID/STAR) charts. These differences are due to the magnetic variance used to calculate the magnetic course. Every leg of an instrument procedure is first computed along a desired ground track with reference ... true north. A magnetic variation correction is then applied to the true course in order to calculate a magnetic course for publication. The type of procedure will determine what magnetic variation value is added to the true course. A ground…