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Instrument Rating – Powered-Lift
IPL · Instrument Rating - Powered-Lift · 60 questions · 70% to pass
›Area of Operation I. Preflight Preparation3 tasks
Task A. Pilot Qualifications
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with requirements to act as pilot-in-command under instrument flight rules.
References: 14 CFR part 61; AC 68-1; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25
Knowledge
Risk Management
Task B. Weather Information
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with obtaining, understanding, and applying weather information for a flight under IFR.
References: 14 CFR part 91, AC 91-92; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-28
Knowledge
IP.I.B.K1Sources of weather data (e.g., National Weather Service, Flight Service) for flight planning purposes.IP.I.B.K2Acceptable weather products and resources required for preflight planning, current and forecast weather for departure, en route, and arrival phases of flight such as:IP.I.B.K2aAirport Observations (METAR and SPECI) and Pilot Observations (PIREP)IP.I.B.K2bSurface Analysis Chart, Ceiling and Visibility Chart (CVA)IP.I.B.K2cTerminal Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF)IP.I.B.K2dGraphical Forecasts for Aviation (GFA)IP.I.B.K2eWind and Temperature Aloft Forecast (FB)IP.I.B.K2fConvective Outlook (AC)IP.I.B.K2gInflight Aviation Weather Advisories including Airmen's Meteorological Information (AIRMET), Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET), and Convective SIGMETIP.I.B.K3Meteorology applicable to the departure, en route, alternate, and destination for flights conducted under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) to include expected climate and hazardous conditions such as:IP.I.B.K3aAtmospheric composition and stabilityIP.I.B.K3bWind (e.g., windshear, mountain wave, factors affecting wind, etc.)IP.I.B.K3cTemperature and heat exchangeIP.I.B.K3dMoisture/precipitationIP.I.B.K3eWeather system formation, including air masses and frontsIP.I.B.K3fCloudsIP.I.B.K3gTurbulenceIP.I.B.K3hThunderstorms and microburstsIP.I.B.K3iIcing and freezing level informationIP.I.B.K3jFog/mistIP.I.B.K3kFrostIP.I.B.K3lObstructions to visibility (e.g., smoke, haze, volcanic ash, etc.)IP.I.B.K4Flight deck instrument displays of digital weather and aeronautical information.
Risk Management
IP.I.B.R1Making the go/no-go and continue/divert decisions, including:IP.I.B.R1aCircumstances that would make diversion prudentIP.I.B.R1bPersonal weather minimumsIP.I.B.R1cHazardous weather conditions, including known or forecast icing or turbulence aloftIP.I.B.R2Use and limitations of:IP.I.B.R2aInstalled onboard weather equipmentIP.I.B.R2bAviation weather reports and forecastsIP.I.B.R2cInflight weather resources
Skills
IP.I.B.S1Use available aviation weather resources to obtain an adequate weather briefing.IP.I.B.S2Analyze the implications of at least three of the conditions listed in K3a through K3l, using actual weather or weather conditions provided by the evaluator.IP.I.B.S3Correlate weather information to make a go/no-go decision.IP.I.B.S4Determine whether an alternate airport is required, and, if required, whether the selected alternate airport meets regulatory requirements.
Note: If K2 is selected, the evaluator must assess the applicant’s knowledge of at least three sub-elements. If K3 is selected, the evaluator must assess the applicant’s knowledge of at least three sub-elements.
Task C. Cross-Country Flight Planning
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with planning an IFR cross-country and filing an IFR flight plan.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; Chart Supplements; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; IFR Enroute Charts; NOTAMS; IFR Navigation Charts
Knowledge
IP.I.C.K1Route planning, including consideration of:IP.I.C.K1aAvailable navigational facilitiesIP.I.C.K1bSpecial use airspaceIP.I.C.K1cPreferred routesIP.I.C.K1dPrimary and alternate airportsIP.I.C.K1eEnroute chartsIP.I.C.K1fChart SupplementsIP.I.C.K1gNOTAMSIP.I.C.K1hTerminal Procedures Publications (TPP)IP.I.C.K2Altitude selection accounting for terrain and obstacles, IFR cruising altitudes, and effect of wind and oxygen requirements.IP.I.C.K3Calculating:IP.I.C.K3aTime, climb and descent rates, course, distance, heading, true airspeed, and groundspeedIP.I.C.K3bEstimated time of arrival, including conversion to universal coordinated time (UTC)IP.I.C.K3cFuel requirements, including reserveIP.I.C.K4Elements of an IFR flight plan.IP.I.C.K5Procedures for activating and closing an IFR flight plan in controlled and uncontrolled airspace.
Risk Management
IP.I.C.R1Pilot.IP.I.C.R2Aircraft.IP.I.C.R3Environment (e.g., weather, icing, airports/heliports/helipads/landing areas, airspace, terrain, obstacles).IP.I.C.R4External pressures.IP.I.C.R5Limitations of air traffic control (ATC) services.IP.I.C.R6Limitations of electronic planning applications and programs.IP.I.C.R7Fuel planning.
Skills
IP.I.C.S1Prepare, present, and explain a cross-country flight plan assigned by the evaluator including a risk analysis based on real time weather, which includes calculating time en route and fuel considering factors such as power settings, operating altitude, wind, fuel reserve requirements, and weight and balance requirements.IP.I.C.S2Recalculate fuel reserves based on a scenario provided by the evaluator.IP.I.C.S3Create a navigation plan and simulate filing an IFR flight plan.IP.I.C.S4Interpret departure, arrival, en route, and approach procedures with reference to appropriate and current charts.IP.I.C.S5Recognize simulated wing or thrust component contamination due to airframe icing and demonstrate knowledge of adverse effects of airframe icing during pre-takeoff, takeoff, cruise, and landing phases of flight as well as the corrective actions.IP.I.C.S6Apply pertinent information from appropriate and current aeronautical charts, Chart Supplements; Notices to Air Missions (NOTAMs) relative to airport, runway and taxiway closures; and other flight publications.
Note: Preparation, presentation, and explanation of a computer-generated flight plan is an acceptable option.
›Area of Operation II. Preflight Procedures3 tasks
Task A. Aircraft Systems Related to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Operations
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with anti-icing or deicing systems, and other systems related to IFR flight.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 91-74; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Knowledge
Risk Management
Skills
IP.II.A.S1Demonstrate familiarity with anti- or de-icing procedures or information published by the manufacturer specific to the aircraft used on the practical test.IP.II.A.S2Demonstrate familiarity with the automatic flight control system (AFCS) procedures or information published by the manufacturer specific to the aircraft used on the practical test, if applicable.
Task B. Aircraft Flight Instruments and Navigation Equipment
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with managing instruments appropriate for an IFR flight.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 90-100, AC 90-105, AC 90-107, AC 91-78, AC 91.21-1; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25
Knowledge
IP.II.B.K1Operation of the aircraft’s applicable flight instrument system(s), including:IP.II.B.K1aPitot-static instrument system and associated instrumentsIP.II.B.K1bGyroscopic/electric/vacuum instrument system and associated instrumentsIP.II.B.K1cElectrical systems, electronic flight instrument displays [primary flight display (PFD), multifunction display (MFD)], transponder and automatic dependent surveillance - broadcast (ADS-B)IP.II.B.K1dMagnetic compassIP.II.B.K2Operation of the aircraft’s applicable navigation system(s), including:IP.II.B.K2aVery high frequency (VHF) Omnidirectional Range (VOR), distance measuring equipment (DME), instrument landing system (ILS), marker beacon receiver/indicatorsIP.II.B.K2bArea navigation (RNAV), global positioning system (GPS), Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS), flight management system (FMS), autopilotIP.II.B.K3Use of an electronic flight bag (EFB), if used.
Risk Management
Task C. Instrument Flight Deck Check
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with conducting a preflight check on the aircraft’s instruments necessary for an IFR flight.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 91.21-1; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Knowledge
IP.II.C.K1Purpose of performing an instrument flight deck check and how to detect possible defects.IP.II.C.K2IFR airworthiness, including aircraft inspection requirements and required equipment for IFR flight.IP.II.C.K3Required procedures, documentation, and limitations of flying with inoperative equipment.
Risk Management
›Area of Operation III. Air Traffic Control (ATC) Clearances and Procedures2 tasks
Task A. Compliance with Air Traffic Control Clearances
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with ATC clearances and procedures while operating solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR parts 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25
Knowledge
IP.III.A.K1Elements and procedures related to ATC clearances and pilot/controller responsibilities for departure, en route, and arrival phases of flight, including clearance void times.IP.III.A.K2Pilot-in-Command (PIC) emergency authority.IP.III.A.K3Lost communication procedures and procedures for flights outside of radar environments.
Risk Management
Skills
IP.III.A.S1Correctly copy, read back, interpret, and comply with simulated or actual ATC clearances in a timely manner using standard phraseology as provided in the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM).IP.III.A.S2Correctly set communication frequencies, navigation systems (identifying when appropriate), and transponder codes in compliance with the ATC clearance.IP.III.A.S3Use the current and appropriate paper or electronic navigation publications.IP.III.A.S4Intercept all courses, radials, and bearings appropriate to the procedure, route, or clearance in a timely manner.IP.III.A.S5Maintain the applicable airspeed ±10 knots, headings ±10°, altitude ±100 feet; track a course, radial, or bearing within ¾-scale deflection of the course deviation indicator (CDI).IP.III.A.S6Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.IP.III.A.S7Perform the appropriate checklist items relative to the phase of flight.
Task B. Holding Procedures
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with holding procedures solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR parts 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25
Risk Management
IP.III.B.R1Recalculating fuel reserves if assigned an unanticipated expect further clearance (EFC) time.IP.III.B.R2Scenarios and circumstances that could result in minimum fuel or the need to declare an emergency.IP.III.B.R3Scenarios that could lead to holding, including deteriorating weather at the planned destination.IP.III.B.R4Holding entry and wind correction while holding.
Skills
IP.III.B.S1Use an entry procedure appropriate for a standard, nonstandard, published, or non-published holding pattern.IP.III.B.S2Change to the holding airspeed appropriate for the altitude when 3 minutes or less from, but prior to arriving at, the holding fix and set appropriate power as needed for fuel conservation.IP.III.B.S3Recognize arrival at the holding fix and promptly initiate entry into the holding pattern.IP.III.B.S4Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±100 feet, selected headings within ±10°, and track a selected course, radial, or bearing within ¾-scale deflection of the course deviation indicator (CDI).IP.III.B.S5Comply with the holding pattern leg length and other restrictions, if applicable, associated with the holding pattern.IP.III.B.S6Use proper wind correction procedures to maintain the desired pattern and to arrive over the fix as close as possible to a specified time.IP.III.B.S7Use a multi-function display (MFD) and other graphical navigation displays, if installed, to monitor position in relation to the desired flightpath during holding.IP.III.B.S8Comply with ATC reporting requirements and restrictions associated with the holding pattern.IP.III.B.S9Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
›Area of Operation IV. Flight by Reference to Instruments2 tasks
Task A. Instrument Flight
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing basic flight maneuvers solely by reference to instruments.
References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25
Knowledge
IP.IV.A.K1Elements related to attitude instrument flying during straight-and-level flight, climbs, turns, and descents while conducting various instrument flight procedures.IP.IV.A.K2Interpretation, operation, and limitations of pitch, bank, and power instruments.IP.IV.A.K3Normal and abnormal instrument indications and operations.
Risk Management
Skills
Task B. Recovery from Unusual Flight Attitudes
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with recovering from unusual flight attitudes solely by reference to instruments.
References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Knowledge
IP.IV.B.K1Prevention of unusual attitudes, including flight causal, physiological, and environmental factors, and system and equipment failures.IP.IV.B.K2Procedures for recovery from unusual attitudes in flight.IP.IV.B.K3Procedures available to safely regain visual meteorological conditions (VMC) after flight into inadvertent instrument meteorological conditions or unintended instrument meteorological conditions (IIMC)/(UIMC).IP.IV.B.K4Appropriate use of automation, if applicable.
Risk Management
IP.IV.B.R1Situations that could lead to loss of control in-flight (LOC-I) or unusual attitudes in-flight (e.g., stress, task saturation, inadequate instrument scan distractions, and spatial disorientation).IP.IV.B.R2Assessment of the unusual attitude.IP.IV.B.R3Control input errors, inducing undesired aircraft attitudes.IP.IV.B.R4Collision hazards.IP.IV.B.R5Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.IP.IV.B.R6Interpreting flight instruments.IP.IV.B.R7Control application solely by reference to instruments.IP.IV.B.R8Operating envelope considerations.
Skills
IP.IV.B.S1Use proper instrument cross-check and interpretation to identify an unusual attitude (including both nose-high and nose-low) in flight, and apply the appropriate flight control, power input, and aircraft configuration in the correct sequence, to return to a stabilized level flight attitude.IP.IV.B.S2Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
›Area of Operation V. Navigation Systems2 tasks
Task A. Intercepting and Tracking Navigational Systems and DME Arcs
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with intercepting and tracking navigation aids and arcs solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Knowledge
IP.V.A.K1Ground-based navigation (orientation, course determination, equipment, tests, and regulations), including procedures for intercepting and tracking courses and arcs.IP.V.A.K2Satellite-based navigation (orientation, course determination, equipment, tests, regulations, interference, appropriate use of databases, Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM), and Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)), including procedures for intercepting and tracking courses and arcs.
Risk Management
Skills
IP.V.A.S1Tune and identify the navigation facility/program the navigation system and verify system accuracy as appropriate for the equipment installed in the aircraft.IP.V.A.S2Determine aircraft position relative to the navigational facility or waypoint.IP.V.A.S3Set and orient to the course to be intercepted.IP.V.A.S4Intercept the specified course at appropriate angle, inbound to or outbound from a navigational facility or waypoint.IP.V.A.S5Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±100 feet, and selected headings ±5°.IP.V.A.S6Apply proper correction to maintain a course, allowing no more than ¾-scale deflection of the course deviation indicator (CDI). If a distance measuring equipment (DME) arc is selected, maintain that arc ±1 nautical mile.IP.V.A.S7Recognize navigational system or facility failure, and when required, report the failure to air traffic control (ATC).IP.V.A.S8Use a multi-function display (MFD) and other graphical navigation displays, if installed, to monitor position, track wind drift, and to maintain situational awareness.IP.V.A.S9At the discretion of the evaluator, use the autopilot to make appropriate course intercepts, if installed.IP.V.A.S10Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Note: The evaluator should reference the manufacturer’s equipment supplement(s) as necessary for appropriate limitations, procedures, etc. See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Task B. Departure, En Route, and Arrival Operations
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with IFR departure, en route, and arrival operations solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR parts 91, 97; AC 90-100, AC 90-105, AC 91-74; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Knowledge
Risk Management
Skills
IP.V.B.S1Select, identify (as necessary), and use the appropriate communication and navigation facilities associated with the proposed flight.IP.V.B.S2Perform the appropriate checklist items relative to the phase of flight.IP.V.B.S3Use the current and appropriate paper or electronic navigation publications.IP.V.B.S4Establish two-way communications with the proper controlling agency, use proper phraseology, and comply in a timely manner with all ATC instructions and airspace restrictions.IP.V.B.S5Intercept all courses, radials, and bearings appropriate to the procedure, route, or clearance in a timely manner.IP.V.B.S6Comply with all applicable charted procedures.IP.V.B.S7Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±100 feet, and selected headings ±10°, and apply proper correction to maintain a course allowing no more than ¾-scale deflection of the course deviation indicator (CDI).IP.V.B.S8Update/interpret weather in flight.IP.V.B.S9Use displays of digital weather and aeronautical information, as applicable to maintain situational awareness.IP.V.B.S10Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
›Area of Operation VI. Instrument Approach Procedures5 tasks
Task A. Non-precision Approach
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing non-precision approach procedures solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 120-108; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications
Knowledge
IP.VI.A.K1Procedures and limitations associated with a non-precision approach, including the differences between Localizer Performance (LP) and Lateral Navigation (LNAV) approach guidance.IP.VI.A.K2Navigation system indications and annunciations expected during an area navigation (RNAV) approach.IP.VI.A.K3Ground-based and satellite-based navigation systems used for a non-precision approach.IP.VI.A.K4Copter Point-in-Space (PinS) approaches.IP.VI.A.K5A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.
Risk Management
IP.VI.A.R1Deviating from the assigned approach procedure.IP.VI.A.R2Selecting a navigation frequency.IP.VI.A.R3Management of automated navigation and autoflight systems.IP.VI.A.R4Aircraft configuration during an approach and missed approach.IP.VI.A.R5An unstable approach, including excessive descent rates.IP.VI.A.R6Deteriorating weather conditions on approach.IP.VI.A.R7Operating below the minimum descent altitude (MDA) without proper visual references.
Skills
IP.VI.A.S1Accomplish the non-precision instrument approaches selected by the evaluator.IP.VI.A.S2Establish two-way communications with air traffic control (ATC) appropriate for the phase of flight or approach segment, and use proper communication phraseology.IP.VI.A.S3Select, tune, identify, and confirm the operational status of navigation equipment to be used for the approach.IP.VI.A.S4Comply with all clearances issued by ATC or the evaluator.IP.VI.A.S5Recognize if any flight instrumentation is inaccurate or inoperative, and take appropriate action.IP.VI.A.S6Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a clearance.IP.VI.A.S7Complete the appropriate checklist(s).IP.VI.A.S8Establish the appropriate aircraft configuration and airspeed considering meteorological and operating conditions.IP.VI.A.S9Maintain altitude ±100 feet, selected heading ±10°, airspeed ±10 knots, no more than ¾ scale CDI deflection, and accurately track radials, courses, or bearings, prior to beginning the final approach segment.IP.VI.A.S10Adjust the published MDA and visibility criteria for the aircraft approach category, as appropriate, for factors that include Notices of Air Missions (NOTAMs), inoperative aircraft or navigation equipment, or inoperative visual aids associated with the landing environment, etc.IP.VI.A.S11Establish a stabilized descent to the appropriate altitude.IP.VI.A.S12For the final approach segment, maintain no more than ¾ scale CDI deflection, airspeed ±10 knots, and altitude, if applicable, above MDA +100/-0 feet to the Visual Descent Point (VDP) or missed approach point (MAP).IP.VI.A.S13Assess if the required visual references are available, and either initiate the missed approach procedure or continue for landing.IP.VI.A.S14Use a multi-function display (MFD) and other graphical navigation displays, if installed, to monitor position, track wind drift, and to maintain situational awareness.IP.VI.A.S15Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Task B. Precision Approach
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing precision approach procedures solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 90-105, AC 90-107; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications
Knowledge
IP.VI.B.K1Procedures and limitations associated with a precision approach, including determining required descent rates and adjusting minimums in the case of inoperative equipment.IP.VI.B.K2Navigation system displays, annunciations, and modes of operation.IP.VI.B.K3Ground-based and satellite-based navigation systems (orientation, course determination, equipment, tests and regulations, interference, appropriate use of navigation data, signal integrity).IP.VI.B.K4A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.
Risk Management
IP.VI.B.R1Deviating from the assigned approach procedure.IP.VI.B.R2Selecting a navigation frequency.IP.VI.B.R3Management of automated navigation and autoflight systems.IP.VI.B.R4Aircraft configuration during an approach and missed approach.IP.VI.B.R5An unstable approach, including excessive descent rates.IP.VI.B.R6Deteriorating weather conditions on approach.IP.VI.B.R7Continuing to descend below the Decision Altitude (DA)/Decision Height (DH) when the required visual references are not visible.
Skills
IP.VI.B.S1Accomplish the precision instrument approach(es) selected by the evaluator.IP.VI.B.S2Establish two-way communications with air traffic control (ATC) appropriate for the phase of flight or approach segment, and use proper communication phraseology.IP.VI.B.S3Select, tune, identify, and confirm the operational status of navigation equipment to be used for the approach.IP.VI.B.S4Comply with all clearances issued by ATC or the evaluator.IP.VI.B.S5Recognize if any flight instrumentation is inaccurate or inoperative, and take appropriate action.IP.VI.B.S6Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a clearance.IP.VI.B.S7Complete the appropriate checklist(s).IP.VI.B.S8Establish the appropriate aircraft configuration and airspeed considering meteorological and operating conditions.IP.VI.B.S9Maintain altitude ±100 feet, selected heading ±10°, airspeed ±10 knots, no more than ¾ scale CDI deflection, and accurately track radials, courses, or bearings, prior to beginning the final approach segment.IP.VI.B.S10Adjust the published DA/DH and visibility criteria for the aircraft approach category, as appropriate, to account for NOTAMS, inoperative aircraft or navigation equipment, or inoperative visual aids associated with the landing environment.IP.VI.B.S11Establish a predetermined rate of descent at the point where vertical guidance begins, which approximates that required for the aircraft to follow the vertical guidance.IP.VI.B.S12Maintain a stabilized final approach from the final approach fix (FAF) to DA/DH allowing no more than ¾-scale deflection of either the vertical or lateral guidance indications, and maintain the desired airspeed ±10 knots.IP.VI.B.S13Immediately initiate the missed approach procedure when at the DA/DH, and the required visual references for the runway are not unmistakably visible and identifiable.IP.VI.B.S14Transition to a normal landing approach only when the aircraft is in a position from which a descent to a landing on the runway, or to a heliport, can be made at a normal rate of descent using normal maneuvering.IP.VI.B.S15Maintain a stabilized visual flight path from the DA/DH to the runway aiming point or descend visually to a suitable touchdown point not aligned with the instrument runway final course, as directed by the evaluator.IP.VI.B.S16Use a multi-function display (MFD) and other graphical navigation displays, if installed, to monitor position, track wind drift, and to maintain situational awareness.IP.VI.B.S17Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Task C. Missed Approach
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing a missed approach procedure solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR parts 91, 97; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications
Risk Management
IP.VI.C.R1Deviations from prescribed procedures or ATC instructions.IP.VI.C.R2Holding, diverting, or electing to fly the approach again.IP.VI.C.R3Aircraft configuration during an approach and missed approach.IP.VI.C.R4Factors that might lead to executing a missed approach procedure before the MAP or to a go-around below DA, DH, or MDA, as applicable.IP.VI.C.R5Management of automated navigation and autoflight systems.
Skills
IP.VI.C.S1Promptly initiate the missed approach procedure and report it to ATC.IP.VI.C.S2Apply the appropriate power setting and aircraft configuration for the flight conditions to obtain the desired performance.IP.VI.C.S3Comply with the published or alternate missed approach procedure.IP.VI.C.S4Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a clearance, restriction, or climb gradient.IP.VI.C.S5Follow the recommended checklist items appropriate to the missed approach/go-around procedure.IP.VI.C.S6Maintain the recommended airspeed ±10 knots; heading, course, or bearing ±10°; and altitude(s) ±100 feet during the missed approach procedure.IP.VI.C.S7Use an MFD and other graphical navigation displays, if installed, to monitor position and track to help navigate the missed approach.IP.VI.C.S8Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.IP.VI.C.S9Request ATC clearance to attempt another approach, proceed to the alternate airport, holding fix, or other clearance limit, as appropriate, or as directed by the evaluator.
Task D. Circling Approach
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing a circling approach procedure.
References: 14 CFR parts 91, 97; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications
Risk Management
IP.VI.D.R1Prescribed circling approach procedures.IP.VI.D.R2Executing a circling approach at night or with marginal visibility.IP.VI.D.R3Losing visual contact with an identifiable part of the airport.IP.VI.D.R4Management of automated navigation and autoflight systems.IP.VI.D.R5Management of altitude, airspeed, or distance while circling.IP.VI.D.R6Collision hazards.IP.VI.D.R7Executing a missed approach after the MAP while circling.
Skills
IP.VI.D.S1Comply with the circling approach procedure considering turbulence, windshear, and the maneuvering capability and approach category of the aircraft.IP.VI.D.S2Confirm the direction of traffic and adhere to all restrictions and instructions issued by ATC or the evaluator.IP.VI.D.S3Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.IP.VI.D.S4Establish the approach and landing configuration. Maintain a stabilized approach and a descent rate that ensures arrival at the MDA, or the preselected circling altitude above the MDA, prior to the missed approach point.IP.VI.D.S5Maintain airspeed ±10 knots, desired heading/track ±10°, and altitude +100/-0 feet until descending below the MDA or the preselected circling altitude above the MDA.IP.VI.D.S6Visually maneuver to a base or downwind leg appropriate for the landing runway and environmental conditions.IP.VI.D.S7If a missed approach occurs, turn in the appropriate direction using the correct procedure and appropriately configure the aircraft.IP.VI.D.S8If landing, initiate a stabilized descent. Touch down on the first one-third of the selected runway without excessive maneuvering, without exceeding the normal operating limits of the aircraft, and without exceeding 30° of bank.
Task E. Landing from an Instrument Approach
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing procedures for a landing from an instrument approach.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Knowledge
IP.VI.E.K1Elements related to the pilot’s responsibilities, and the environmental, operational, and meteorological factors that affect landing from a straight-in or circling approach.IP.VI.E.K2Airport signs, markings, and lighting, including approach lighting systems.IP.VI.E.K3Appropriate landing profiles and aircraft configurations.
Risk Management
Skills
IP.VI.E.S1Transition at the DA/DH, MDA, or visual descent point (VDP) to a visual flight condition, allowing for safe visual maneuvering and a normal landing.IP.VI.E.S2Adhere to all ATC or evaluator advisories, such as NOTAMs, windshear, wake turbulence, runway surface, and other operational considerations.IP.VI.E.S3Complete the appropriate checklist(s).IP.VI.E.S4Maintain positive aircraft control throughout the landing maneuver.IP.VI.E.S5Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
›Area of Operation VII. Emergency Operations4 tasks
Task A. Loss of Communications
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with loss of communications while operating solely by reference to instruments.
References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25
Risk Management
Skills
IP.VII.A.S1Recognize a simulated loss of communication.IP.VII.A.S2Simulate actions to re-establish communication.IP.VII.A.S3Determine whether to continue to flight plan destination or deviate.IP.VII.A.S4Determine appropriate time to begin an approach.IP.VII.A.S5Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Task B. Powerplant(s) Inoperative (Simulated) during Straight-and-Level Flight and Turns
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with flight solely by reference to instruments with powerplant(s) inoperative.
References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Risk Management
IP.VII.B.R1Identification of the inoperative powerplant(s).IP.VII.B.R2Inability to climb or maintain altitude with any inoperative powerplant(s).IP.VII.B.R3Collision hazards.IP.VII.B.R4Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.IP.VII.B.R5Fuel management.IP.VII.B.R6Configuring the aircraft.
Skills
IP.VII.B.S1Promptly recognize powerplant(s) failure and maintain positive aircraft control.IP.VII.B.S2Establish the best inoperative powerplant(s) aircraft configuration.IP.VII.B.S3Use flight controls and configure the aircraft as required to maintain best performance or as recommended by the manufacturer.IP.VII.B.S4Verify the prescribed checklist procedures used for securing any inoperative powerplant(s).IP.VII.B.S5Attempt to determine and resolve the reason for the powerplant(s) failure.IP.VII.B.S6Monitor powerplant functions and make necessary adjustments.IP.VII.B.S7Maintain the specified altitude ±100 feet or minimum sink rate if applicable, airspeed ±10 knots, and the specified heading ±10°.IP.VII.B.S8Assess the aircraft’s performance capability and decide an appropriate action to ensure a safe landing.IP.VII.B.S9Maintain control and fly within the aircraft’s operating limitations.IP.VII.B.S10Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Note: See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight.
Task C. Instrument Approach and Landing with Inoperative Powerplant(s) (Simulated)
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with executing a published instrument approach solely by reference to instruments with powerplant(s) inoperative.
References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual; Terminal Procedures Publications
Risk Management
IP.VII.C.R1Potential powerplant(s) failure during approach.IP.VII.C.R2Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.IP.VII.C.R3Collision hazards.IP.VII.C.R4Configuring the aircraft.IP.VII.C.R5Performing a go-around/rejected landing with any failed powerplant(s).
Skills
IP.VII.C.S1Promptly recognize powerplant(s) failure and maintain positive aircraft control.IP.VII.C.S2Confirm the correct aircraft configuration.IP.VII.C.S3Follow the manufacturer’s recommended emergency procedures and complete the appropriate checklist.IP.VII.C.S4Use flight controls in the proper combination as recommended by the manufacturer.IP.VII.C.S5Monitor the operating powerplant(s) and aircraft systems and make adjustments as necessary.IP.VII.C.S6Request and follow an actual or a simulated air traffic control (ATC) clearance for an instrument approach.IP.VII.C.S7Maintain altitude ±100 feet, airspeed ±10 knots, and selected heading ±10°.IP.VII.C.S8Establish a rate of descent that ensures arrival at the minimum descent altitude (MDA) or decision altitude (DA)/decision height (DH) with the aircraft in a position from which a descent to a landing on the intended runway can be made, either straight in or circling as appropriate.IP.VII.C.S9On final approach segment, maintain vertical (as applicable) and lateral guidance within ¾-scale deflection.IP.VII.C.S10Maintain aircraft control and fly the aircraft within the powerplant(s) inoperative operating limitations.IP.VII.C.S11Comply with the published criteria for the aircraft approach category.IP.VII.C.S12Execute a landing.IP.VII.C.S13Complete the appropriate checklist(s).IP.VII.C.S14Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
Note: See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight and Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Task D. Approach with Loss of Primary Flight Instrument Indicators
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing an approach solely by reference to instruments with the loss of primary flight control instruments.
References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual; Terminal Procedures Publications
Knowledge
Risk Management
Skills
IP.VII.D.S1Advise ATC or the evaluator if unable to comply with a clearance.IP.VII.D.S2Complete a non-precision instrument approach without the use of the primary flight instruments using the skill elements of the non-precision approach Task (see Area of Operation VI, Task A).IP.VII.D.S3Use single-pilot resource management (SRM) or crew resource management (CRM), as appropriate.
›Area of Operation VIII. Postflight Procedures1 tasks
Task A. Checking Instruments and Equipment
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with checking flight instruments and equipment during postflight.
References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual
Risk Management