IP.VI.B.K2

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• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 9-35
  Chapter 9: Navigation Systems › Instrument Approach Systems › Instrument Landing Systems (ILS)

  Instrument Approach Systems Most navigation systems approved for en route and terminal operations under IFR, such as VOR, NDB, and GPS, may also be approved to conduct IAPs. The most common systems in use in the United States ... simplified directional facility (SDF), localizer-type directional aid (LDA), and microwave landing system (MLS). These systems operate independently of other navigation systems. There are new systems being developed, such as WAAS and LAAS. Other systems have been developed for special…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 5-27
  Chapter 5: Flight Instruments › Flight Management Systems (FMS) › Electronic Flight Instrument Systems

  Electronic Flight Instrument Systems Modern technology has introduced into aviation a new method of displaying flight instruments, such as electronic flight instrument systems, integrated flight deck displays, and others. For the purpose of the practical test standards, any flight instrument ... display that utilizes LCD or picture tube like displays is referred to as “electronic flight instrument display” and/or a glass flight deck. In general aviation there is typically a primary flight display (PFD) and a multi-function display (MFD). Although…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 1-1-39
  Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-19. Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) Landing System (GLS)

  Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) Landing System (GLS) a. A GBAS ground installation at an airport can provide localized, differential augmentation to the Global Positioning System (GPS) signal-in-space enabling an aircraft’s GLS precision approach capability. Through ... instrument approach offering three-dimensional angular, lateral, and vertical guidance for exact alignment and descent to a runway. The operational benefits of a GLS approach are similar to the benefits of an ILS or LPV approach operation. To remain consistent…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 1-1-41
  Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 1. Navigation Aids › 1-1-20. Precision Approach Systems other than ILS and GLS

  Precision Approach Systems other than ILS and GLS a. General Approval and use of precision approach systems other than ILS and GLS require the issuance of special instrument approach procedures. b. Special Instrument Approach Procedure 1. Special instrument approach procedures ... must be issued to the aircraft operator if pilot training, aircraft equipment, and/or aircraft performance is different than published procedures. Special instrument approach procedures are not distributed for general public use. These procedures are issued to an aircraft operator when…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 9-30
  Chapter 9: Navigation Systems › Advanced Technologies › GPS Instrument Approaches

  especially critical during approaches. In some cases, an incorrect entry can cause the receiver to leave the approach mode. Overriding an automatically selected sensitivity during an approach cancels the approach mode annunciation. If the approach mode is not armed ... prior to the FAWP, the approach mode does not become active at 2 NM prior to the FAWP and the equipment will flag. In these conditions, the RAIM and CDI sensitivity do not ramp down, and the pilot should…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. PCG I-4
  Pilot/Controller Glossary › I

  initial approach fix and the intermediate approach fix or, where applicable, the final approach fix or point. INLAND NAVIGATION FACILITY- A navigation aid on a North American Route at which the common route and/or the noncommon route begins or ends ... elevation, on the ILS CAT II approach. It also marks progress during a CAT III approach. (See INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM.) (Refer to AIM.) INNER MARKER BEACON- (See INNER MARKER.) INREQ- (See INFORMATION REQUEST.) INS- (See INERTIAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM.) INSTRUMENT APPROACH…