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  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approaches › Instrument Approaches to Civil Airports

    Instrument Approaches to Civil Airports Unless otherwise authorized, when an instrument letdown to an airport is necessary, the pilot should use a standard IAP prescribed for that airport. IAPs are depicted on IAP charts and are found ... approach procedures depend upon the facilities available at the terminal area, the type of instrument approach executed, and the existing weather conditions. The ATC facilities, NAVAIDs, and associated frequencies appropriate to each standard instrument approach are given on the approach…

  • Chapter 4: Approaches › Final Approach Segment

    Final Approach Segment The final approach segment for an approach with vertical guidance or a precision approach begins where the glideslope/glidepath intercepts the minimum glideslope/ glidepath intercept altitude shown on the approach chart. If ATC authorizes a lower intercept altitude ... final approach segment begins upon glideslope/glidepath interception at that altitude. For a non-precision approach, the final approach segment begins either at a designated FAF, which is depicted as a cross on the profile view, or at the point where…

  • Chapter 10: IFR Flight › Approach to an Airport With an Operating Tower, With an Approach Control › Approaches to Parallel Runways

    Approaches to Parallel Runways Procedures permit ILS instrument approach operations to dual or triple parallel runway configurations. A parallel approach is an ATC procedure that permits parallel ILS approach to airports with parallel runways separated by at least ... feet between centerlines. Wherever parallel approaches are in progress, pilots are informed that approaches to both runways are in use. Simultaneous approaches are permitted to runways: 1. With centerlines separated by 4,300 to 9,000 feet; 2. Equipped with…

  • Chapter 7: Helicopter Instrument Procedures › Standard Instrument Approach Procedures to an Airport

    constant airspeed is recommended on the final approach segment to comply with the stabilized approach concept since a decelerating approach may make early detection of wind shear on the approach path more difficult. [Figure 7-9] When visibility minimums must ... increased for inoperative components or visual aids, use the Inoperative Components and Visual Aids Table (provided in the front cover of the U.S. Terminal Procedures) to derive the Category A minima before applying any visibility reduction. The published visibility…

  • Chapter 4: Approaches › Simultaneous Approaches To Parallel Runways

    Simultaneous Approaches To Parallel Runways Airports that have two or more parallel runways may be authorized to use simultaneous parallel approaches to maximize the capacity of the airport. Depending on the runway centerline separation and ATC procedures, there are three ... classifications of simultaneous parallel approaches: Simultaneous dependent approaches, simultaneous independent approaches and simultaneous independent close parallel approaches. A simultaneous dependent approach differs from a simultaneous independent approach in that the minimum distance between parallel runway centerlines may be less…

  • Pilot/Controller Glossary › I

    SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.) INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT- (See SEGMENTS OF AN INSTRUMENT APPROACH PROCEDURE.) INITIAL APPROACH SEGMENT [ICAO]- That segment of an instrument approach procedure between the initial approach fix and the intermediate approach fix or, where applicable ... final approach fix or point. INLAND NAVIGATION FACILITY- A navigation aid on a North American Route at which the common route and/or the noncommon route begins or ends. INNER MARKER- A marker beacon used with an ILS (CAT II) precision…