IP.II.C.K1

From the FAA library

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 8-2
  Chapter 8: Helicopter Attitude Instrument Flying › Instrument Flight › Instrument Cross-Check

  Instrument Flight To achieve smooth, positive control of the helicopter during instrument flight, three fundamental skills must be developed. They are instrument cross-check, instrument interpretation, and aircraft control. Instrument Cross-Check Cross-checking, sometimes referred to as scanning ... continuous and logical observation of instruments for attitude and performance information. In attitude instrument flying, an attitude is maintained by reference to the instruments, which produces the desired result in performance. Due to human error, instrument error, and helicopter performance…

• 14 CFR Part 91 — General Operating and Flight RulesOpen
  14 CFR § 91.1093 Initial and transition training and checking: Check pilots (aircraft), check pilots (simulator).

  Initial and transition training and checking: Check pilots (aircraft), check pilots (simulator). (6) The approved methods, procedures, and limitations for performing the required normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures in the aircraft. (d) The transition ground training for a check pilot ... must include the approved methods, procedures, and limitations for performing the required normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures applicable to the aircraft to which the check pilot is in transition. (e) The initial and transition flight training for a check pilot…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 6-10
  Chapter 6, Section I: Airplane Attitude Instrument Flying › Fundamental Skills › Instrument Cross-Check

  These are usually the instruments that should be held at a constant indication. The remaining instruments should help maintain the important instruments at the desired indications, which is also true in using the emergency panel. Cross-checking is mandatory ... instrument flying. In visual flight, a level attitude can be maintained by outside references. However, even then the altimeter must be checked to determine if altitude is being maintained. Due to human error, instrument error, and airplane performance differences…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. 5-27
  Chapter 5: Flight Instruments › Flight Management Systems (FMS) › Electronic Flight Instrument Systems

  Electronic Flight Instrument Systems Modern technology has introduced into aviation a new method of displaying flight instruments, such as electronic flight instrument systems, integrated flight deck displays, and others. For the purpose of the practical test standards, any flight instrument ... display that utilizes LCD or picture tube like displays is referred to as “electronic flight instrument display” and/or a glass flight deck. In general aviation there is typically a primary flight display (PFD) and a multi-function display (MFD). Although…

• Instrument Flying Handbookp. B-1
  Appendix B › Lesson 3—Flight instruments and human factors › Flight Training

  Ground Training Instrument system preflight procedures Attitude instrument flying Fundamental instrument skills Instrument cross-check techniques Flight Training Aircraft and instrument preflight inspection Use of checklists Fundamental instrument skills Basic flight maneuvers Instrument approach (demonstrated) Postflight procedures Lesson 3—Flight ... instruments and human factors Ground Training Human factors Flight instruments and systems Aircraft systems Navigation instruments and systems Flight Training Aircraft and instrument preflight inspection Radio communications Checklist procedures Attitude instrument flying Fundamental instrument skills Basic flight maneuvers Spatial disorientation…

• 14 CFR Part 121 — Operating Requirements: Domestic, Flag, and Supplemental OperationsOpen
  14 CFR § 121.413 Initial, transition and recurrent training and checking requirements: Check pilots and check flight engineers.

  Initial, transition and recurrent training and checking requirements: Check pilots and check flight engineers. (1) The safety measures for emergency situations that are likely to develop during a check. (2) The potential results of improper, untimely, or non-execution ... safety measures during a check. (3) For check pilots (airplane)— (i) Training and practice in conducting flight checks from the left and right pilot seats in the required normal, abnormal, and emergency procedures to ensure competence to conduct the pilot…