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  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Final Approach › Stabilized Approach Concept

    cause a sudden decrease in lift, an excessive sink rate, and an aggravated unstable condition. If the approach is too high or too low, it may not be possible to establish a stabilized approach, and the pilot should execute ... around. Typically, pilots go-around if unable to establish a stabilized approach by 500 ft above airport elevation in visual meteorological conditions (VMC) or 1,000 ft above airport elevation in instrument conditions (IMC). For a typical GA piston aircraft…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-16. Simultaneous Close Parallel PRM Approaches and Simultaneous Offset Instrument A…

    Simultaneous Offset Instrument Approach (SOIA). 1. SOIA is a procedure used to conduct simultaneous approaches to runways spaced less than 3,000 feet, but at least 750 feet apart. The SOIA procedure utilizes a straight-in PRM approach ... runway, and a PRM offset approach with glideslope/glidepath to the adjacent runway. In SOIA operations, aircraft are paired, with the aircraft conducting the straight-in PRM approach always positioned slightly ahead of the aircraft conducting the offset PRM approach…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-21. Missed Approach

    provided, the pilot should conform to radar vectors when provided by ATC in lieu of the published missed approach procedure. (See FIG 5-4-31.) e. Some locations may have a preplanned alternate missed approach procedure ... event the primary NAVAID used for the missed approach procedure is unavailable. To avoid confusion, the alternate missed approach instructions are not published on the chart. However, the alternate missed approach holding pattern will be depicted on the instrument approach…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-3. Approach Control

    When radar handoffs are utilized, successive arriving flights may be handed off to approach control with radar separation in lieu of vertical separation. (b) After release to approach control, aircraft are vectored to the final approach course (ILS, RNAV ... issued as required for spacing and separating aircraft. Therefore, pilots must not deviate from the headings issued by approach control. Aircraft will normally be informed when it is necessary to vector across the final approach course for spacing or other…

  • Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Short-Field Approach and Landing

    When safety and conditions permit, a wider-than-normal pattern with a longer final approach may be used. This allows the pilot ample opportunity to adjust and stabilize the descent angle after the airplane is configured and trimmed. A stabilized ... approach is essential. The procedures for landing on a short field or for landing approaches over obstacles as recommended in the AFM/POH should be used. [Figure 9-22 and Figure 9-23] These procedures generally involve a final approach started…

  • Chapter 4: Approaches › Stabilized Approach

    This process is simplified by maintaining a constant approach speed, descent rate, vertical flight path, and configuration during the final stages of an approach. This is referred to as the stabilized approach concept. A stabilized approach is essential for safe ... turbojet operations and commercial turbojet operators must establish and use procedures that result in stabilized approaches. A stabilized approach is also strongly recommended for propeller-driven airplanes and helicopters. You should limit configuration changes at low altitudes to those changes…