PA.IV.F.S8

From the FAA library

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-15
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Crosswind Approach and Landing

  Common Errors Common errors with forward slips to a landing: 1. Incorrect pitch adjustments that result in poor airspeed control. 2. Reacting to erroneous airspeed indications. 3. Using excess power while trying to lose altitude. 4. A slip ... same direction as any crosswind. 5. Poor glidepath control. 6. Late transition to a sideslip during landing with crosswinds. 7. Landing without the longitudinal axis parallel to runway. 8. Landing off the centerline. Crosswind Approach and Landing Most runways…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-15
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Crosswind Approach and Landing › Crosswind Final Approach

  Crosswind Final Approach When using the crab method, the pilot makes a coordinated turn to establish a heading (crab) toward the wind. The selected heading should align the airplane’s wings-level ground track with the centerline of the runway ... pilot makes small heading corrections, if needed, to maintain alignment with the runway. [Figure 9-15] The appropriate crab angle is maintained until just prior to touchdown, when the pilot uses rudder control to align the longitudinal axis…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-3
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Normal Approach and Landing › Final Approach

  drift correction is established and maintained to follow a ground track perpendicular to the extension of the landing runway centerline. This requires that the airplane be angled sufficiently into the wind to prevent drifting farther away from the intended landing ... spot. Figure 9-3. Base leg and final approach. Final Approach After the base-to-final approach turn is completed, the pilot aligns the longitudinal axis of the airplane with the centerline of the runway or landing surface…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-20
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Turbulent Air Approach and Landing

  Attempted landing in crosswinds that exceed the airplane’s maximum demonstrated crosswind component. 2. Undershooting or overshooting the turn from base leg to final approach. 3. Inadequate compensation for wind drift on final approach. 4. Unstable approach. 5. Excessive sink ... axis aligned with the runway. 7. Touching down while drifting. 8. Excessive airspeed on touchdown. 9. Failure to apply appropriate flight control inputs during rollout. 10. Failure to maintain direction control on rollout. 11. Excessive braking. 12. Loss of aircraft…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-23
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Soft-Field Approach and Landing

  pilot needs to control the airplane in a manner that the wings support the weight of the airplane as long as practical to minimize stresses imposed on the landing gear by a rough surface or to prevent sinking into ... soft surface. The approach for the soft-field landing is similar to the normal approach used for operating into long, firm landing areas. The major difference between the two is that a degree of power is used throughout the level…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 9-20
  Chapter 9: Approaches and Landings › Short-Field Approach and Landing

  Short-Field Approach and Landing Short-field approaches and landings require the use of procedures for approaches and landings at fields with a relatively short landing area or where an approach is made over obstacles that limit the available landing ... area. [Figure 9-20 and Figure 9-21] This low-speed type of power-on approach is closely related to the performance of flight near minimum controllable airspeeds. Figure 9-20. Landing over an obstacle. Figure 9-21. Landing…