PA.VI.B.K1
KnowledgeGround-based navigation (identification, orientation, course determination, equipment, tests, regulations, interference, appropriate use of navigation data, and signal integrity).
From the FAA library
- Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) › 1-2-1. General
Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) Area Navigation (RNAV) 1-2-1. General a. Introduction to PBN. As air travel has evolved, methods of navigation have improved to give operators more flexibility. PBN exists under ... umbrella of area navigation (RNAV). The term RNAV in this context, as in procedure titles, just means “area navigation,” regardless of the equipment capability of the aircraft. (See FIG 1-2-1.) Many operators have upgraded their systems to obtain…
- Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) › 1-2-3. Use of Suitable Area Navigation (RNAV) Systems on Conventional Procedures and Ro…
Suitable Area Navigation (RNAV) Systems on Conventional Procedures and Routes a. Discussion. This paragraph sets forth policy, while providing operational and airworthiness guidance regarding the suitability and use of RNAV systems when operating on, or transitioning to, conventional, non-RNAV ... within the U.S. National Airspace System (NAS): 1. Use of a suitable RNAV system as a Substitute Means of Navigation when a Very-High Frequency (VHF) Omni-directional Range (VOR), Distance Measuring Equipment (DME), Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN), VOR/TACAN (VORTAC…
- Chapter 1. Air Navigation › Section 2. Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) and Area Navigation (RNAV) › 1-2-4. Recognizing, Mitigating, and Adapting to GPS Jamming and/or Spoofing
Lateral navigation (LNAV) or circling minimum descent altitude (MDA); (b) LNAV/vertical navigation (LNAV/VNAV) DA, if equipped with and using approved barometric vertical navigation (baro-VNAV) equipment; (c) RNP 0.3 DA on an RNAV (RNP) IAP, if they are specifically authorized ... users using approved baro-VNAV equipment and the pilot has verified required navigation performance (RNP) availability through an approved prediction program. 2. If the above conditions cannot be met, any required alternate airport must have an approved instrument approach procedure…
- Chapter 16: Navigation › Ground-Based Navigation
Ground-Based Navigation Advances in navigational radio receivers installed in aircraft, the development of aeronautical charts that show the exact location of ground transmitting stations and their frequencies, along with refined flight deck instrumentation make it possible for pilots ... navigate with precision to almost any point desired. Although precision in navigation is obtainable through the proper use of this equipment, beginning pilots should use this equipment to supplement navigation by visual reference to the ground (pilotage). This method provides…
- 14 CFR Part 121, Appendix G to Part 121—Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and Equipment Installation; Training Program; Equipment Accuracy and Reli
Part 121, Appendix G to Part 121—Doppler Radar and Inertial Navigation System (INS): Request for Evaluation; Equipment and Equipment Installation; Training Program; Equipment Accuracy and Reliability; Evaluation Program For the purpose of this appendix, a gateway is a specific ... navigational fix where use of long range navigation commences or terminates. 2. Equipment and equipment installation—Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) or Doppler Radar System. (a) Inertial Navigation and Doppler Radar Systems must be installed in accordance with applicable airworthiness requirements…