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  • Chapter 17: Aeromedical Factors › Health and Physiological Factors Affecting Pilot Performance › Climbing While Turning

    attempt any of these maneuvers at low altitudes or in the absence of an instructor pilot or an appropriate safety pilot. Climbing While Accelerating With the pilot’s eyes closed, the instructor pilot maintains approach airspeed in a straight ... maintaining straight-and-level attitude. The usual illusion during this maneuver, without visual references, is that the aircraft is climbing. Climbing While Turning With the pilot’s eyes still closed and the aircraft in a straightand-level attitude, the instructor…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Climb Performance Factors › Region of Reversed Command

    curve represents the speed at which the lowest brake horsepower sustains level flight. This is termed the best endurance airspeed. An airplane performing a low airspeed, high pitch attitude power approach for a short-field landing is an example ... operating in the region of reversed command. If an unacceptably high sink rate should develop, it may be possible for the pilot to reduce or stop the descent by applying power. But without further use of power, the airplane would…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance › Climb Performance

    Positive climb performance occurs when an aircraft gains PE by increasing altitude. Two basic factors, or a combination of the two factors, contribute to positive climb performance in most aircraft: 1. The aircraft climbs (gains PE) using excess power above ... that required to maintain level flight, or 2. The aircraft climbs by converting airspeed (KE) to altitude (PE). As an example of factor 1 above, an aircraft with an engine capable of producing 200 horsepower (at a given altitude…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Landing Performance

    could be accepted. There is a light rain and the winds are out of the east at ten knots. The pilot accepts because he or she is approaching the extended centerline of runway 27. The turn is tight ... feet AGL, the pilot is already 1,000 feet down the 3,500 feet runway. The airspeed is still high by about ten percent (should be at 70 knots and is at about 80 knots). The wind of ten knots…

  • Chapter 1: Introduction To Flying › Pilot Certifications

    Recreational pilot to conduct solo flights for the purpose of obtaining an additional certificate or rating while under the supervision of an authorized flight instructor: section 61.101(i). I certify that (First name, MI, Last name) has received the required ... requires communication with air traffic control, flight in an aircraft for which the pilot does not hold a category/class rating, etc.). Figure 1-21. Example endorsement for a recreational pilot to conduct solo flights for the purpose of determining…

  • Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Performance › Rate of Climb (ROC)

    Rate of Climb (ROC) ROC is a comparison of altitude gained relative to the time needed to reach that altitude. ROC is simply the vertical component of the aircraft’s flight path velocity vector. For maximum ROC performance, a pilot ... achieve a maximum gain in altitude over a given period of time. Maximum ROC expedites a climb to an assigned altitude. This gains the greatest vertical distance over a period of time. For example, in a maximum AOC profile…