PH.V.I.S7

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 5-12
  Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Ground Effect

  aircraft leaving ground effect after takeoff encounters just the reverse of an aircraft entering ground effect during landing. The aircraft leaving ground effect will: • Require an increase in AOA to maintain the same CL • Experience an increase in induced drag ... nose-up change in moment • Experience a reduction in static source pressure and increase in indicated airspeed Ground effect must be considered during takeoffs and landings. For example, if a pilot fails to understand the relationship between the aircraft…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 9-13
  Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Crosswind Considerations During Takeoffs

  Application of the collective that is too abrupt when departing the surface, causing rpm and heading control errors. Crosswind Considerations During Takeoffs If the takeoff is made during crosswind conditions, the helicopter is flown in a slip during the early ... stages of the maneuver. [Figure 9-13] The cyclic is held into the wind a sufficient amount to maintain the desired ground track for the takeoff. The heading is maintained with the use of the antitorque pedals. In other words…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 9-12
  Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Normal Takeoff from a Hover › Technique

  increase in power requires an increase in the proper antitorque pedal to maintain heading. Maintain a straight takeoff path throughout the takeoff. While accelerating through effective translational lift (position 3), the helicopter begins to climb, and the nose tends ... overcome the tendency of the nose to rise. At position 4, hold an attitude that allows a smooth acceleration toward climbing airspeed and a commensurate gain in altitude so that the takeoff profile does not take the helicopter through…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 11-14
  Chapter 11: Aircraft Performance › Takeoff and Landing Performance › Takeoff Performance

  under the control of the pilot, and various procedures may be necessary in certain aircraft to maintain takeoff acceleration at the highest value. The powerplant thrust is the principal force to provide the acceleration and, for minimum takeoff distance ... before taking off as it helps determine the performance of the aircraft. In addition to the important factors of proper procedures, many other variables affect the takeoff performance of an aircraft. Any item that alters the takeoff speed or acceleration…

• Helicopter Flying Handbookp. 9-12
  Chapter 9: Basic Flight Maneuvers › Normal Takeoff from the Surface › Technique

  Failing to adjust the throttle to maintain proper rpm. 7. Failing to transition to a level crab to maintain ground track. Figure 9-12. The helicopter takes several positions during a normal takeoff from hover. Normal Takeoff from the Surface ... below operating rpm. Visually clear the area and select terrain features or other objects to aid in maintaining the desired track during takeoff and climb out. Increase the throttle to the proper rpm, and raise the collective slowly until…

• Airplane Flying Handbookp. 6-8
  Chapter 6: Takeoffs and Departure Climbs › Crosswind Takeoff › Initial Climb

  Initial Climb If a proper crosswind correction is applied, the aircraft will maintain alignment with the runway while accelerating to takeoff speed and then maintain that alignment once airborne. As takeoff acceleration occurs, the efficiency of the up-aileron will ... straight down the runway. However, because the force of a crosswind may vary markedly within a few hundred feet of the ground, the pilot should check the ground track frequently and adjust the wind correction angle, as necessary. The remainder…