PI.III.A.K2a
KnowledgeAcceptable weather products and resources required for preflight planning, current and forecast weather for departure, en route, and arrival phases of flight such as:
Airport Observations (METAR and SPECI) and Pilot Observations (PIREP)
From the FAA library
- Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › Observations › Surface Aviation Weather Observations
Observations The data gathered from surface and upper altitude observations form the basis of all weather forecasts, advisories, and briefings. There are four types of weather observations: surface, upper air, radar, and satellite. Surface Aviation Weather Observations Surface aviation weather ... observations (METARs) are a compilation of elements of the current weather at individual ground stations across the United States. The network is made up of government and privately contracted facilities that provide continuous up-to-date weather information. Automated weather…
- Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › Aviation Weather Reports › Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR)
current weather conditions. Each report provides current information that is updated at different times. Some typical reports are METARs and PIREPs. Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) A METAR is an observation of current surface weather reported in a standard international ... format. While the METAR code has been adopted worldwide, each country is allowed to make modifications to the code. Normally, these differences are minor but necessary to accommodate local procedures or particular units of measure. This discussion of METAR covers…
- Chapter 4. Air Traffic Control › Section 1. Services Available to Pilots › 4-1-9. Traffic Advisory Practices at Airports Without Operating Control Towers
Niner Delta Delta is ten miles south, two thousand, landing Vero Beach. I have the automated weather, request airport advisory. (b) Outbound EXAMPLE-Vero Beach radio, Centurion Six Niner Delta Delta, ready to taxi to runway 22, VFR, departing ... southwest. I have the automated weather, request airport advisory. 3. Airport advisory service includes wind direction and velocity, favored or designated runway, altimeter setting, known airborne and ground traffic, NOTAMs, airport taxi routes, airport traffic pattern information, and instrument approach…
- Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 1. Meteorology › 7-1-10. Weather Observing Programs
AWOS Broadcasts. Computer-generated voice is used in AWOS to automate the broadcast of the minute-by-minute weather observations. In addition, some systems are configured to permit the addition of an operator-generated voice message; e.g., weather remarks following ... Time. The location/name and the phrase “AUTOMATED WEATHER OBSERVA TION,” followed by the time are announced. (a) If the airport’s specific location is included in the airport’s name, the airport’s name is announced. EXAMPLE- “Bremerton National Airport…
- Chapter 14: Airport Operations
Chapter Summary While no weather forecast is guaranteed to be 100 percent accurate, pilots have access to a myriad of weather information on which to base flight decisions. Weather products available for preflight planning to en route information received over ... radio or via data link provide the pilot with the most accurate and up-to-date information available. Each report provides a piece of the weather puzzle. Pilots must use several reports to get an overall picture and gain…
- Chapter 13: Aviation Weather Services › Aviation Weather Reports › Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs)
Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) PIREPs provide valuable information regarding the conditions as they actually exist in the air, which cannot be gathered from any other source. Pilots can confirm the height of bases and tops of clouds, locations of wind ... below 5,000 feet, or visibility is at or below five miles, ATC facilities are required to solicit PIREPs from pilots in the area. When unexpected weather conditions are encountered, pilots are encouraged to make a report…