Flight Instructor – Instrument Rating Powered-Lift

Task A. Effects of Human Behavior and Communication on the Learning Process

To determine the applicant understands human behavior and effective communication, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Task B. Learning Process

To determine the applicant understands the learning process, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Task C. Course Development, Lesson Plans, and Classroom Training Techniques

To determine the applicant understands the teaching process, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Task D. Student Evaluation, Assessment, and Testing

To determine the applicant understands evaluation and testing, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Task E. Elements of Effective Teaching in a Professional Environment

To determine the applicant understands effects of instructor behavior on effective teaching, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Task F. Elements of Effective Teaching that Include Risk Management and Accident Prevention

To determine the applicant understands teaching practical risk management, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Note: The evaluator must select Tasks B, C, D, and at least one other Task from this Area of Operation.

Task A. Human Factors

To determine the applicant understands personal health, flight physiology, aeromedical and human factors, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25

Task B. Endorsements and Logbook Entries Related to Instrument Instruction

To determine the applicant understands logbook entries and endorsements related to instrument flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instrument instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 61; AC 61-65; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task C. Aircraft Systems Related to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) Operations

To determine the applicant understands anti-icing or deicing systems, and other systems related to IFR flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 91-74; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Task D. Aircraft Flight Instruments and Navigation Equipment

To determine the applicant understands managing instruments for an IFR flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrates appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 90-100, AC 90-105, AC 90-107, AC 91-78, AC 91.21-1; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task E. Regulations and Publications Related to Instrument Flight Operations

To determine the applicant understands the Code of Federal Regulations and other relevant publications, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR parts 1, 61, 91, 95, 97; 49 CFR part 830; AIM; Chart Supplements; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Task A. Weather Information

To determine the applicant understands weather information, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 91-92; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25, FAA-H-8083-28

Note: If K2 is selected, the evaluator must assess the applicant’s knowledge of at least three sub-elements. If K3 is selected, the evaluator must assess the applicant’s knowledge of at least three sub-elements.

Task B. Cross-Country Flight Planning

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with planning an IFR cross-country and filing an IFR flight plan, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; Chart Supplements; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; IFR Enroute Charts; NOTAMs; IFR Navigation Charts

Note: Preparation, presentation, and explanation of a computer-generated flight plan is an acceptable option.

Task C. Instrument Flight Deck Check

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with conducting a preflight check on the aircraft’s instruments necessary for an IFR flight, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 91.21-1; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Note: The evaluator asks the applicant to present a preflight lesson on the selected maneuver as the lesson would be taught to a student and determines the outcome of this Task before the flight portion of the practical test. Previously developed lesson plans from the instructor applicant's library may be used.

Task A. Maneuver Lesson

To determine the applicant understands the elements associated with a maneuver Task selected from Area of Operation VI through Area of Operation IX and applies that knowledge when delivering ground instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Task A. Compliance with Air Traffic Control Clearances

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with ATC clearances and procedures while operating solely by reference to instruments, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25

Task B. Holding Procedures

To determine the applicant understands holding procedures, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate pilot-in-command skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25

Note: The evaluator shall select Task H and at least one other Task. The applicant shall select either the primary and supporting or the control and performance method for teaching this Area of Operation.

Task A. Straight-and-Level Flight

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during straight-and-level flight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task B. Turns

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during turns can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task C. Change of Airspeed in Straight-And-Level and Turning Flight

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during changing of airspeed in straightand-level and turning flight, and can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task D. Constant Airspeed Climbs and Descents

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during constant airspeed climbs and descents with and without turns, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task E. Constant Rate Climbs and Descents

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during constant rate climbs and descents with and without turns, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task F. Timed Turns to Magnetic Compass Headings

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during timed turns to magnetic compass headings, and can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task G. Steep Turns

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying during steep turns, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25

Task H. Recovery from Unusual Flight Attitudes

To determine the applicant understands attitude instrument flying while recovering from unusual attitudes, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction, solely by reference to instruments.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.

Task A. Intercepting and Tracking Navigational Systems and DME Arcs

To determine the applicant understands intercepting and tracking navigation aids and arcs solely by reference to instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Note: The evaluator should reference the manufacturer’s equipment supplement(s) as necessary for appropriate limitations, procedures, etc. See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.

Task B. Departure, En Route, and Arrival Operations

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with IFR departure, en route, and arrival operations solely by reference to instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91, 97; AC 90-100, AC 90-105, AC 91-74; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25

Note: Evaluators shall combine testing of the required approaches as outlined in appendix 3 with Task(s) C, D, or E.

Task A. Non-precision Approach

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing non-precision approach procedures solely by reference to instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 120-108; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications

Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.

Task B. Precision Approach

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing precision approach procedures solely by reference to instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AC 90-105, AC 90-107; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications

Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.

Task C. Missed Approach

To determine the applicant understands performing a missed approach procedure solely by reference to instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications

Task D. Circling Approach

To determine the applicant understands performing a circling approach procedure, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications

Task E. Landing from an Instrument Approach

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with performing procedures for a landing from an instrument approach, and provides effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25

Task A. Loss of Communications

To determine the applicant understands procedures for loss of communications while operating solely by reference to instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; AIM; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25

Task B. Powerplant(s) Inoperative (Simulated) during Straight-and-Level Flight and Turns

To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with flight solely by reference to instruments with powerplant(s) inoperative, and provide effective instruction.

References: FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Note: See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight.

Task C. Instrument Approach and Landing with Inoperative Powerplant(s) (Simulated)

To determine the applicant understands executing a published instrument approach solely by reference to instruments with powerplant(s) inoperative, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications; Flight Manual

Note: See Appendix 2: Safety of Flight and Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.

Task D. Approach with Loss of Primary Flight Instrument Indicators

To determine the applicant understands performing an approach solely by reference to instruments with the loss of primary flight control instruments, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-15, FAA-H-8083-16, FAA-H-8083-25; Terminal Procedures Publications; Flight Manual

Task A. Checking Instruments and Equipment

To determine the applicant understands procedures for checking flight instruments and equipment during postflight, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.

References: 14 CFR part 91; FAA-H-8083-2, FAA-H-8083-9, FAA-H-8083-25; Flight Manual

Note: s to emphasize special considerations. During the ground and flight portion of the practical test, the FAA expects evaluators to assess the applicant's mastery of the topic in accordance with the level of learning most appropriate for the specified Task. The oral questioning will continue throughout the entire practical test. For some topics, the evaluator will ask the applicant to describe or explain. For other items, the evaluator will assess the applicant's understanding by providing a scenario that requires the applicant to appropriately apply and/or correlate knowledge, experience, and information to the circumstances of the given scenario. The flight portion of the practical test requires the applicant to demonstrate knowledge, risk management, flight proficiency, and operational skill in accordance with the ACS. The elements within each Task in this ACS are coded according to a scheme that includes four components. For example, FI.I.C.K2: FI = Applicable ACS I = Area of Operation C = Task K2 = Task element (in this example, Knowledge 2) There is no requirement for an evaluator to test every knowledge and risk management element in a Task; rather the evaluator has discretion to sample as needed to ensure the applicant’s mastery of that Task. The required minimum elements to be tested from each applicable Task include: • any elements in which the applicant was shown to be deficient on the knowledge test, as applicable; • at least one knowledge element; • at least one risk management element; and • all skill elements unless otherwise noted. The Airman Knowledge Test Report (AKTR) lists ACS codes that correlate to a specific Task element for a given Area of Appendix 1: Practical Test Roles, Responsibilities, and Outcomes Operation for any incorrect responses on the knowledge test. An asterisk directs the evaluator to follow the selection requirements for the AOO and Tasks in the body of this ACS. A double asterisk indicates one approach from either Task A or Task B combined with Task C, D, or E. Appendix 1: Practical Test Roles, Responsibilities, and Outcomes Flight Instructor-Instrument Renewal/Reinstatement In accordance with 14 CFR part 61, section 61.199(a), the renewal or reinstatement of one rating on a Flight Instructor Certificate renews or reinstates all privileges existing on the certificate. Renewal & Reinstatement of an Instrument Flight Instructor Required Area of Operation Required Tasks I ** II Task B and 1 other Task III 1 Task IV 1 Task V 1 Task VI 2 Tasks VII 1 Task A or B combined with VIII Task C, D, or E IX 1 Task X 1 Task A double asterisk directs the evaluator to consider the period of inactivity. The evaluator may test FOI Tasks for any reinstatement. Appendix 2: Safety of Flight Appendix 2: Safety of Flight General Safety of flight must be the prime consideration at all times. The evaluator, applicant, and crew must be continually alert for other traffic. If performing aspects of a given maneuver, such as emergency procedures, would jeopardize safety, the evaluator will ask the applicant to simulate that portion of the maneuver. The evaluator will assess the applicant’s use of visual scanning and collision avoidance procedures throughout the entire test. Stall, Spin, Angle of Attack Awareness An applicant, instructor, and evaluator must avoid operations that lead to inadvertent high angle of attack flight that may lead to loss of control, when thrust-borne lift is insufficient for wing-borne flight. Use of Checklists Throughout the practical test, the applicant is evaluated on the use of an appropriate checklist. Assessing proper checklist use depends upon the specific Task. In all cases, the evaluator should determine whether the applicant demonstrates CRM, appropriately divides attention, and uses proper visual scanning. In some situations, reading the actual checklist may be impractical or unsafe. In such cases, the evaluator should assess the applicant's performance of published or recommended immediate action “memory” items along with their review of the appropriate checklist once conditions permit. In a single-pilot aircraft, the applicant should demonstrate the crew resource management (CRM) principles described as single-pilot resource management (SRM). Proper use depends on the specific Task being evaluated. If the use of the checklist while accomplishing elements of an Objective would be either unsafe or impractical in a single-pilot operation, the applicant should review the checklist after accomplishing the elements. Positive Exchange of Flight Controls A clear understanding of who has control of the aircraft must exist. Prior to flight, the pilots involved should conduct a briefing that includes reviewing the procedures for exchanging flight controls. The FAA recommends a positive three-step process for exchanging flight controls between pilots: • When one pilot seeks to have the other pilot take control of the aircraft, they will say, “You have the flight controls.” • The second pilot acknowledges immediately by saying, “I have the flight controls.” • The first pilot again says, “You have the flight controls,” and visually confirms the exchange. Pilots should follow this procedure during any exchange of flight controls, including any occurrence during the practical test. The FAA also recommends that both pilots use a visual check to verify that the exchange has occurred. Doubt as to who is flying the aircraft should not occur. Use of Distractions Numerous studies indicate that many accidents have occurred when the pilot has been distracted during critical phases of flight. The evaluator should incorporate realistic distractions during the flight portion of the practical test to evaluate the pilot’s situational awareness and ability to utilize proper control technique while dividing attention both inside and outside the flight deck. Aeronautical Decision-Making, Risk Management, Crew Resource Management, and Single-Pilot Resource