PI.VI.E.R7
Risk managementControl application solely by reference to instruments.
From the FAA library
- Chapter 7, Section I: Airplane Basic Flight Maneuvers › Basic Instrument Flight Patterns
control input is applied, continue the cross-check and note the effect during the next cross-check sequence. 8. Inadequate interpretation of instruments. Failure to understand instrument indications immediately indicates that further study of the maneuver is necessary. Basic Instrument ... Flight patterns are basic maneuvers, flown by sole reference to the instruments rather than outside visual clues, for the purpose of practicing basic attitude flying. The patterns simulate maneuvers encountered on instrument flights, such as holding patterns, procedure turns…
- Chapter 8: Helicopter Attitude Instrument Flying › Instrument Flight › Instrument Cross-Check
Instrument Flight To achieve smooth, positive control of the helicopter during instrument flight, three fundamental skills must be developed. They are instrument cross-check, instrument interpretation, and aircraft control. Instrument Cross-Check Cross-checking, sometimes referred to as scanning ... continuous and logical observation of instruments for attitude and performance information. In attitude instrument flying, an attitude is maintained by reference to the instruments, which produces the desired result in performance. Due to human error, instrument error, and helicopter performance…
- Chapter 6, Section I: Airplane Attitude Instrument Flying
Adjust the miniature aircraft with reference to the horizon bar for the particular airplane while on the ground. For some tricycle-gear airplanes, a slightly nose-low attitude on the ground gives a level flight attitude at normal cruising speed ... Engine Shut Down When shutting down the engine, note any abnormal instrument indications. Chapter 6, Section I: Airplane Attitude Instrument Flying Attitude instrument flying is defined as the control of an aircraft’s spatial position by using instruments rather than…
- Chapter 8: Helicopter Attitude Instrument Flying › Instrument Flight › Aircraft Control
Aircraft Control Controlling a helicopter is the result of accurately interpreting the flight instruments and translating these readings into correct control responses. Aircraft control involves adjustment to pitch, bank, power, and trim in order to achieve a desired flight path ... Pitch attitude control is controlling the movement of the helicopter about its lateral axis. After interpreting the helicopter’s pitch attitude by reference to the pitch instruments (attitude indicator, altimeter, airspeed indicator, and vertical speed indicator (VSI)), cyclic control adjustments…
- Chapter 8: Helicopter Attitude Instrument Flying › Instrument Flight › Instrument Interpretation
example, during level off from a climb or descent, a pilot may concentrate on pitch control, while forgetting about heading or roll information. This error, called omission, results in erratic control of heading and bank. In spite of these common ... errors, most pilots can adapt well to flight by instrument reference after instruction and practice. Many find that they can control the helicopter more easily and precisely by instruments. Instrument Interpretation The flight instruments together give a picture of what…
- 14 CFR § 61.195 Flight instructor limitations and qualifications.
flight instructor may conduct flight training on control and maneuvering an airplane solely by reference to the flight instruments, provided the flight instructor— (1) Holds a flight instructor certificate with the applicable category and class rating; or (2) Holds…