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  • Chapter 16: Navigation › RAIM Capability › Tips for Using GPS for VFR Operations

    vigilance as there are fewer off-course deviations among different pilots and receivers. When operating near a VFR waypoint, use all available ATC services, even if outside a class of airspace where communications are required. Regardless of the class ... operating near a VFR waypoint to make the aircraft more conspicuous to other pilots, especially when visibility is reduced. Lost Procedures Getting lost in flight is a potentially dangerous situation, especially when low on fuel. If a pilot becomes lost…

  • Chapter 5. Air Traffic Procedures › Section 4. Arrival Procedures › 5-4-1. Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) Procedures

    that pilots may have the information for planning purposes. These altitudes/speeds must not be used in the event of lost communications unless ATC has specifically advised the pilot to expect these altitudes/speeds as part of a further clearance. 2. When ... comply with all published/issued altitude restrictions. This authorization may contain the phraseology “DESCEND VIA.” If vectored or cleared to deviate off a STAR, pilots must consider the STAR canceled. If the STAR contains published altitude restrictions, speed restrictions…

  • Chapter 4: Effective Communication › Basic Elements of Communication › Symbols

    aviation acronyms like ILS, TCAS, or TAWS with a new maintenance learner or learner pilot respectively, effective communication would be difficult if not impossible. Second, communicators consciously or unconsciously reveal information about themselves. This includes their self-image, their view ... ideas being communicated, and their feelings toward the receivers. Communicators need to be confident; they should illustrate that the message is important, and that the receivers have a need to know the ideas presented. Third, successful communicators speak or write…

  • Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures › Section 3. Distress and Urgency Procedures › 6-3-1. Distress and Urgency Communications

    Section 3. Distress and Urgency Procedures 6-3-1. Distress and Urgency Communications a. A pilot who encounters a distress or urgency condition can obtain assistance simply by contacting the air traffic facility or other agency in whose area ... aircraft is operating, stating the nature of the difficulty, pilot’s intentions and assistance desired. Distress and urgency communications procedures are prescribed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), however, and have decided advantages over the informal procedure described above…

  • Chapter 4: Effective Communication › Introduction

    Although communication is a complex process, aviation instructors need to develop a comfortable style of communication that meets the goal of passing on desired information to learners. Communicating effectively is based on similarity of the idea transmitted by the source ... received by the receiver. Similarly, as the source, instructors have communicated effectively if the learner has understood the idea/concept/action transmitted in the manner in which it was intended to be understood. It is also important to recognize that communication…

  • Chapter 6. Emergency Procedures › Section 4. Two-way Radio Communications Failure › 6-4-1. Two-way Radio Communications Failure

    Section 4. Two-way Radio Communications Failure 6-4-1. Two-way Radio Communications Failure a. It is virtually impossible to provide regulations and procedures applicable to all possible situations associated with two-way radio communications failure. During ... radio communications failure, when confronted by a situation not covered in the regulation, pilots are expected to exercise good judgment in whatever action they elect to take. Should the situation so dictate they should not be reluctant…