PL.VIII.A.K4c

From the FAA library

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 16-12
  Chapter 16: Navigation › Pilotage

  world aeronautical chart on the other. [Figure 16-18] Pilotage Pilotage is navigation by reference to landmarks or checkpoints. It is a method of navigation that can be used on any course that has adequate checkpoints, but it is more ... commonly used in conjunction with dead reckoning and VFR radio navigation. The checkpoints selected should be prominent features common to the area of the flight. Choose checkpoints that can be readily identified by other features, such as roads, rivers, railroad…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 16-13
  Chapter 16: Navigation › Dead Reckoning › Wind Triangle or Vector Analysis

  predicted heading takes the aircraft along the intended path and the GS establishes the time to arrive at each checkpoint and the destination. Except for flights over water, dead reckoning is usually used with pilotage for cross-country flying ... heading and GS, as calculated, is constantly monitored and corrected by pilotage as observed from checkpoints. Wind Triangle or Vector Analysis If there is no wind, the aircraft’s ground track is the same as the heading…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 16-18
  Chapter 16: Navigation › Charting the Course › Steps in Charting the Course

  direct route, but makes navigating easier, may be chosen (radio navigation is discussed later in this chapter). Appropriate checkpoints should be selected along the route and noted in some way. These should be easy-to-locate points, such as large ... only a half-dozen houses. (In isolated areas, however, towns represented by a small circle can be prominent checkpoints.) For this trip, four checkpoints have been selected. Checkpoint 1 consists of a tower located east of the course…

• Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledgep. 16-33
  Chapter 16: Navigation › RAIM Capability › Tips for Using GPS for VFR Operations

  portrayed using the same four-point star symbol used for IFR waypoints. VFR waypoint collocated with a visual checkpoint on the chart is identified by a small magenta flag symbol. A VFR waypoint collocated with a visual checkpoint is pronounceable ... based on the name of the visual checkpoint and may be used for ATC communications. Each VFR waypoint name appears in parentheses adjacent to the geographic location on the chart. Latitude/longitude data for all established VFR waypoints may be found…

• Aeronautical Information Manualp. 7-6-5
  Chapter 7. Safety of Flight › Section 6. Potential Flight Hazards › 7-6-7. Mountain Flying

  Navigating in confined terrain when flying through mountain passes can be challenging. For high-traffic mountain passes, VFR checkpoints may be provided on VFR navigation charts to increase situational awareness by indicating key landmarks inside confined terrain. A collocated ... waypoint and checkpoint may be provided to assist with identifying natural entry points for commonly flown mountain passes. Pilots should reference the name of the charted VFR checkpoint, wherever possible, when making position reports on CTAF frequencies to reduce…