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  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making

    Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making Aeronautical decision-making (ADM) is decision-making in a unique environment—aviation. It is a systematic approach to the mental process used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response ... systems, and services for pilots, accidents still occur. Despite all the changes in technology to improve flight safety, one factor remains the same: the human factor which leads to errors. It is estimated that approximately 80 percent of all aviation…

  • Chapter 5: Aerodynamics of Flight › Load Factors › Load Factors and Flight Maneuvers

    Spins Load Factors and Flight Maneuvers Critical load factors apply to all flight maneuvers except unaccelerated straight flight where a load factor of 1 G is always present. Certain maneuvers considered in this section are known to involve relatively high ... load factors. Full application of pitch, roll, or yaw controls should be confined to speeds below the maneuvering speed. Avoid rapid and large alternating control inputs, especially in combination with large changes in pitch, roll, or yaw (e.g., large sideslip…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › The Decision-Making Process › The 5 Ps Check

    first decision point is preflight in the flight planning room, where all the information is readily available to make a sound decision, and where communication and Fixed Base Operator (FBO) services are readily available to make alternate travel plans ... second easiest point in the flight to make a critical safety decision is just prior to takeoff. Few pilots have ever had to make an “emergency takeoff.” While the point of the 5P check is to help the pilot…

  • Chapter 2: Aeronautical Decision-Making › RISK › The Decision-Making Process

    project surveyed over 4,000 pilots, half of whom had “clean” records while the other half had been involved in an accident. Five traits were discovered in pilots prone to having accidents. These pilots: • Have disdain toward rules • Have very ... under utilize outside sources of information, including copilots, flight attendants, flight service personnel, flight instructors, and ATC The Decision-Making Process An understanding of the decision-making process provides the pilot with a foundation for developing ADM and SRM skills…

  • Chapter 8: Aeronautical Decision-Making in Flight › Analytical Decision-Making

    Using automation proficiently and at the appropriate level reduces risk and helps prevent incidents and accidents. Chapter 8: Aeronautical Decision-Making in Flight Introduction ADM Background Analytical Decision-Making Introduction This chapter focuses on the pilot aeronautical decision-making ... skills used to mitigate risk factors while in flight. Advisory Circular (AC) 60-22, Aeronautical Decision-Making [Figure 8-1], provides additional information, background references, definitions, and other pertinent information about ADM training in the general aviation environment…

  • Chapter 1: Risk Management and Single-Pilot Resource Management › Factors Affecting Decision-Making › Recognizing Hazardous Attitudes

    Factors Affecting Decision-Making It is important to stress to a learner that being familiar with the decision-making process does not ensure he or she has the good judgment to be a safe pilot. The ability to make effective ... decisions as PIC depends on a number of factors. Some circumstances, such as the time available to make a decision, may be beyond the pilot’s control. However, a pilot can learn to recognize those factors that can be managed…